Fig. 1. Space uniformity theory. (a) Conversion of reference dimensions; (b) measurement of spatial uniformity

Fig. 2. Light mixing principle of three-light source module

Fig. 3. Structure of plant cultivation rack. (a) Plant culture rack structure; (b) plant culture rack section view; (c) plant culture rack section view and related parameters

Fig. 4. Structure of light source module 3

Fig. 5. S/N values corresponding to each factor level. (a) Illumination uniformity; (b) color-mixed uniformity

Fig. 6. Relationship of lighting quality and H. (a) Illumination uniformity; (b) color-mixed uniformity

Fig. 7. Final optimized results of culture rack on different sampling surfaces. Horizontal sampling plane (a) illuminance distribution; (b) light quality distribution; (c) chromaticity diagram; vertical sampling plane; (d) illuminance distribution; (e) light quality distribution; (f) chromaticity diagram

Fig. 8. Shape of LED chip. (a) I₁; (b) I₂; (c) I₃; (d) I₄; (e) I₅

Fig. 9. Relationship between lighting quality and LED chip shape. (a) Illumination uniformity; (b) color-mixed uniformity

Fig. 10. Relationship between lighting quality and LED lamp bead spacing. (a) Illumination uniformity; (b) color-mixed uniformity

Fig. 11. Plant growth simulation test model

Fig. 12. Relationship between plant height and light source lighting quality. (a) Illumination uniformity; (b) color-mixed uniformity

Fig. 13. Physical test model

Table 1. Influencing factors and standards of plant cultivation racks

Table 2. Experimental design parameters using L₁₆(4⁵) orthogonal table

Table 3. Contribution rate of each factor to illumination uniformity

Table 4. Contribution rate of each factor to color-mixed uniformity

Table 5. Comparison of physical test results and simulation results