The preparation and characteristics of holographic electrically controlled grating with high diffraction efficiency based on nano-Ag-doped polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) materials are reported. By adding appropriate amount of nano-Ag material to the original PDLC materials system to make the holographic volume grating, the influences of doping mass ratio of nano-Ag to the diffraction efficiency, driving voltage and response time of holograhic polymor dispersed liquid crystal (H-PDLC) grating are researched. The experimental results indicate that, through doping nano-Ag particles, the separation of polymer and liquid crystal is optimized and the separation between polymer and liquid crystal becomes exhaustive; the primary diffraction efficiency of the H-PDLC grating is obviously improved, and the electro-optical property is ameliorated simultaneously. Preliminary analysis indicates that the improvement of the characteristics is attributed to the surface plasmon effect of nano-Ag and the matching of the refractive index system.