By analyzing the methods of imaging spectrometer image data compression, the key point of interference figure compression is found out, and the corresponding relationship between interferogram matching and spectrogram matching is analyzed using the basic principle of several spectral matching models. Then, we present a method to determine the maximum compression ratio of interferogram by using the relationship between interferogram matching angle and spectrogram matching angle. At last, the reliability of the theoretical and technical basis of the method is validated through related experiments based on real spectrum data and its corresponding interferogram, which offers a solid theoretical support for the high efficient and robust modeling of spectrum data compression, and supplies a new idea for the development of interferogram compression method with high compression ratio.