The effect of the physical object BRDF surface is considered, and the radiative characteristic parameters of the internal medium and surface for a one-dimensional slab are inversed simultaneously by utilizing the spectral data such as directional hemisphere reflectivity, directional hemisphere transmissivity, normal reflectivity and normal transmissivity. The method can be applied to the inversion of radiative characteristic parameters of these three kinds of medium, such as the absorbing and scattering medium, the highly absorbing medium and the highly scattering medium, and the inversion result coincides well with its given initial value.