In this study, we propose the liquid crystal lens hill climbing autofocus algorithm. The liquid crystal lens is an electronically controlled focusing lens, which exhibits good lens performance. In a traditional glass lens imaging system, the hill climbing autofocus function requires the voice coil motor to continuously move the lens for obtaining the optimal clear image plane position. The autofocus function of the proposed algorithm is obtained by varying the voltage. Thus, the entire large-scale focusing process can be realized without any mechanical movement, miniaturizing the focusing system. The experimental results show that the liquid crystal lens exhibits good focusing performance and high imaging resolution.