A novel all-optical serial to parallel converter is proposed. The scheme mainly consists of time-and-wavelength-interleaved pulse train generation and the sequential multi-wavelength conversion based on the cross-phase modulation (XPM) of a single semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA). Using super-continuous spectrum generation in high nonlinear fiber, a time-and-wavelength-interleaved pulse source is generated with tunablity of both channel wavelength and bit rate. And the all-optical serial to parallel conversion has been implemented based on sequential multi-wavelength conversion in SOA. In the experiment, 40 Gb/s serial optical signals are converted into 8-channel 5 Gb/s parallel optical signals. It should be pointed out that, this technique can achieve the all optical serial-to-parallel conversion of more than 100 channels without remarkably increasing the insertion losses, which will be a solid preparation for optical label processing and random access memory (RAM) technique in packet switching networks.