Author Affiliations
1Key Laboratory of Airborne Optical Imaging and Measurement, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130033, China2Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130033, Chinashow less
Fig. 1. Geodetic coordinate system
Fig. 2. Diagram of geographic coordinate system and aerial carrier coordinate system
Fig. 3. Camera coordinate system
Fig. 4. Target in aircraft flight measurement
Fig. 5. Flow chart of Kalman filter
Fig. 6. Convergence curve of geo-location error
Fig. 7. Influence of initial random error of target height on geo-location
Fig. 8. Influences of flight height and off-nadir looking angle on geo-location. (a) Geo-location error curves under different flight heights when the off-nadir looking is 45°; (b) geo-location error curves under different off-nadir looking angles when aircraft flies at a geodetic height of 10 km
Fig. 9. Influences of flight height and off-nadir angle on geo-location. (a) Geo-location error curves under different flight heights when the off-nadir angle is changed from 15° to 75°; (b) geo-location error curves under different off-nadir angles when the flight height is changed from 5500 m to 14500 m
Fig. 10. Comparison of CEP for two algorithms by simulation. (a) Simulated data obtained by Earth ellipsoid model; (b) simulated data obtained by proposed method
Fig. 11. Schematic of flight path planning of aerial carrier
Fig. 12. Eight aerial remote sensing images of same target at different points
Fig. 13. Results of geo-location in flight test. (a) T1 point; (b) T2 point
Error type | Error value (σ) |
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| Latitude (north) | 0.00009° (10 m) | Platform position | Longitude (east) | 0.00012° (10 m) | | Altitude (down) | 20 m | | Yaw | 0.08° | Platform attitude | Pitch | 0.03° | | Roll | 0.03° | Gimbal angle | Roll | 0.01° | | Pitch | 0.01° |
|
Table 1. Measurement error in geo-location
Target point | T1 | T2 |
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Geographical position standard value | 26.217705°N105.889600°E1367.31 m | 26.222351°N105.891025°E1384.87 m | Geo-location | Stereoimaging | 26.217713°N105.889424°E1389.84 m | 26.222396°N105.890849°E1409.41 m | | Ellipsoidmodel | 26.213463°N105.889660°E1627.4 m | 26.220463°N105.891060°E1622.4 m | Error | Stereoimaging | 30 m | 32.5 m | | Ellipsoidmodel | 323.1174 m | 315.4 m |
|
Table 2. Positioning results of flight test