
- Journal of Semiconductors
- Vol. 42, Issue 12, 120201 (2021)
Abstract
Organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cell (PSC) is a third-generation photovoltaic technology[
Humidity can deteriorate the performance of PSCs. In-situ encapsulation over perovskite film by using fluorine-substituted fullerene derivatives acquired excellent device stability against humidity destruction. In 2016, Jen et al. reported a fluoroalkyl-substituted fullerene derivative (DF-C60, Fig. 1) and used it as an additive to make inverted fullerene/CH3NH3PbI3 bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) PSCs[
Figure 1.Molecular structures of fluorinated and crosslinkable fullerene derivatives.
Several fluoroalkyl-substituted fullerene derivatives were combined with other fullerene materials to make a moisture-resistant mixed-fullerene interfacial layer for PSCs. In 2016, Jen et al. combined N-methyl-2-(2-perfluorooctylphenyl)-3,4-fullero-pyrrolidine (F-C60, Fig. 1) with bis-adduct of N-methyl-2-(2,3,4-tris(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)phenyl)-3,4-fulleropyrrolidium iodide (bis-C60) to form a robust and efficient cathode interlayer atop of PC61BM in CH3NH3PbCl3–xIx PSCs[
Though fullerene-based ETLs demonstrate fascinating electron transport/extraction capability and excellent electronic contact with perovskite films, the partial erosion of fullerene films by the solvents (e.g. N, N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide) used for processing perovskite film may yield defective film with shunting paths. Multilayer spin-coating deposition sometimes results in poor device performance. Furthermore, mechanical stress is the primary reason for mechanical failure of PSCs[
In 2016, Snaith et al. developed two crosslinkable fullerene derivatives called sol-gel C60 and PCBCB (Fig. 1) to form robust fullerene films during CH3NH3PbI3–xClx preparation[
Another crosslinked fullerene derivative [6, 6]-phenyl-C61-butyric oxetane dendron ester (C-PCBOD, Fig. 1) via photo-curing was developed to modify TiO2 surface in n–i–p PSCs[
To check the details about above-mentioned fullerene derivatives, their application, device performance parameters, and stability, you may find Table S1 in the Supporting Information. By applying fluorinated and crosslinkable fullerene derivatives, scientists successfully improved the efficiency and stability of PSCs. More innovative fullerene materials containing fluorine and crosslinkable moieties are desired.
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFA0402800) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51925206, U1932214). L. Ding thanks the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFA0206600) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51773045, 21772030, 51922032, 21961160720) for financial support.
Appendix A. Supplementary materials
Supplementary materials to this article can be found online at https://doi.org/1674-4926/42/12/120201.
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