Author Affiliations
1College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, Shandong , China2College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang , China3Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Qingdao 266061, Shandong , Chinashow less
Fig. 1. Scatter plot of all the pixels in HYDICE data set
Fig. 2. Flow chart of hyperspectral anomaly detection based on graph regularized low-rank and collaborative representation
Fig. 3. Analysis of endmember number on three datasets. (a) Simulated dataset; (b) HYDICE dataset; (c) Gulfport dataset
Fig. 4. Hyperspectral synthetic dataset. (a) Original image of the study area; (b) false-color image of simulated dataset; (c) ground-truth map
Fig. 5. HYDICE dataset. (a) Whole image scene; (b) false-color image of the selected region; (c) ground-truth map
Fig. 6. Gulfport dataset. (a) False-color image; (b) ground-truth map
Fig. 7. Detection accuracy of GLRCRD on the simulated dataset under different parameters. (a) variation; (b) variation; (c) variation; (d) variation; (e) variation
Fig. 8. Detection results obtained by six algorithms on the simulated dataset. (a) RX; (b) CRD; (c) LRASR; (d) LSMAD;(e) LRCRD; (f) GLRCRD
Fig. 9. Detection results obtained by six slgorithms on the HYDICE dataset. (a) RX; (b) CRD; (c) LRASR;(d) LSMAD; (e) LRCRD; (f) GLRCRD
Fig. 10. Detection results obtained by six algorithms on the Gulfport dataset. (a) RX; (b) CRD; (c) LRASR; (d) LSMAD; (e) LRCRD; (f) GLRCRD
Fig. 11. ROC curves obtained by six algorithms. (a) Simulated dataset; (b) HYDICE dataset; (c) Gulfport dataset
Dataset | RX | CRD | LRASR | LSMAD | LRCRD | GLRCRD |
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Simulated dataset | 0.8074 | 0.8592 | 0.9299 | 0.9505 | 0.9586 | 0.9709 | HYDICE | 0.9857 | 0.9506 | 0.9765 | 0.9905 | 0.9944 | 0.9970 | Gulfport | 0.9526 | 0.9767 | 0.9532 | 0.9861 | 0.9812 | 0.9910 |
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Table 1. AUC values obtained by different anomaly detection algorithms
Dataset | RX | CRD | LRASR | LSMAD | LRCRD | GLRCRD |
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Simulated dataset | 0.2254 | 14.053 | 86.469 | 21.216 | 148.109 | 350.27 | HYDICE | 0.1592 | 7.6372 | 47.618 | 9.4717 | 81.724 | 233.87 | Gulfport | 0.1758 | 9.4595 | 55.811 | 13.162 | 97.930 | 260.89 |
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Table 2. Computation time of different anomaly detection algorithms