• Photonics Research
  • Vol. 1, Issue 2, 65 (2013)
Zabih Ghassemlooy1、*, Paul Anthony Haigh1、**, Francesco Arca2, Sandro Francesco Tedde2、***, Oliver Hayden2, Ioannis Papakonstantinou3, and Sujan Rajbhandari4
Author Affiliations
  • 1Optical Communications Research Group, Northumbria University, NE1 8ST, UK
  • 2Siemens AG, Corporate Technology, Erlangen CT T DE HW3, Germany
  • 3Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University College London, WC1E 7JE, UK
  • 4Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, OX1 3PJ, UK
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    DOI: 10.1364/PRJ.1.000065 Cite this Article Set citation alerts
    Zabih Ghassemlooy, Paul Anthony Haigh, Francesco Arca, Sandro Francesco Tedde, Oliver Hayden, Ioannis Papakonstantinou, Sujan Rajbhandari. Visible light communications: 3.75 Mbits/s data rate with a 160 kHz bandwidth organic photodetector and artificial neural network equalization [Invited][J]. Photonics Research, 2013, 1(2): 65 Copy Citation Text show less

    Abstract

    This paper presents an experimental demonstration of a visible light communications link with an light emitting diode and a low-bandwidth organic photodetector as transmitter and receiver, respectively, that achieves sub 4 Mbits/s speeds. An artificial neural network (ANN) equalizer is required in order to achieve such high data rates because of the influence of intersymbol interference. The digital modulation formats tested in this paper are nonreturn-to-zero on–off keying (OOK), and fourth-order pulse position modulation (4-PPM). Without equalization, data rates of 200 and 300 kbits/s can be achieved for 4-PPM and OOK, respectively. With ANN equalization, data rates of 2.8 and 3.75 Mbits/s can be achieved for the first time for OOK and 4-PPM, respectively.
    h(0)=Ad2R0(θ)cos(φ),(1)

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    R0(θ)=m+12πcos(θ)m,(2)

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    PPPMPOOK=2Llog2L,(3)

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    BWLPPM=LRblog2L,(4)

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    y=f(b+iwixi),(5)

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    E(n)=y(n)d(n)2,(6)

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    wij(n+1)=wij(n)ηE(n)wij(n).(7)

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    Zabih Ghassemlooy, Paul Anthony Haigh, Francesco Arca, Sandro Francesco Tedde, Oliver Hayden, Ioannis Papakonstantinou, Sujan Rajbhandari. Visible light communications: 3.75 Mbits/s data rate with a 160 kHz bandwidth organic photodetector and artificial neural network equalization [Invited][J]. Photonics Research, 2013, 1(2): 65
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