To realize the non-contact temperature monitoring of high voltage electrical equipment, a non-contact (0-1.5 m) fluorescence fiber temperature measurement system was designed. Using the relation between fluorescence and temperature of rare earth materials, temperature measurement was achieved by measuring the excited fluorescence lifetime of the fluorescent material which was attached on the object. The analysis indicates that the received light energy can be increased through adding a converging lens and a converging cone. In the experiment, the fluorescence intensity curve was obtained, and the temperature was aquired according to the relation of fluorescence lifetime and the temperature of the measured object. The measurement error is less than 1 ℃, ensuring its application in high-voltage environment.