Geometric Dimension Measurement Method for Bolster Spring Based on Three-Dimensional Laser Point Clouds

Zhiyuan Wang; Huanlong Liu; Wei Liu

doi:10.3788/CJL221153

Journals >Chinese Journal of Lasers >Volume 50 >Issue 19 >Page 1904001 > Article

Chinese Journal of Lasers
Vol. 50, Issue 19, 1904001 (2023)

Geometric Dimension Measurement Method for Bolster Spring Based on Three-Dimensional Laser Point Clouds

Zhiyuan Wang^1、3, Huanlong Liu^1、2、*, and Wei Liu^1、3

Author Affiliations

¹Engineering Research Center of Advanced Drive Energy Saving Technologies, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China

²School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China

³Tangshan Institute, Southwest Jiaotong University, Tangshan 063000, Hebei, China

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DOI: 10.3788/CJL221153 Cite this Article Set citation alerts

Zhiyuan Wang, Huanlong Liu, Wei Liu. Geometric Dimension Measurement Method for Bolster Spring Based on Three-Dimensional Laser Point Clouds[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2023, 50(19): 1904001 Copy Citation Text

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Fig. 1. Schematic of laser vision measurement system

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Fig. 2. Schematic of measurement system for size of bolster spring

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Fig. 3. Measurement principle of bolster spring sizes based on 3D point cloud

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Fig. 4. Downsampled voxel mesh of point cloud

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Fig. 5. Definitions of vector and angle between adjacent vectors. (a) Definition of vector; (b) definition of angle between adjacent vectors

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Fig. 6. Edge extraction. (a) Top view of bolster spring; (b) dimension reduction of bolster spring point cloud; (c) edge extraction of reduced dimension point cloud

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Fig. 7. Circular segmentation

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Fig. 8. Test platform for measuring bolster spring

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Fig. 9. Manual measurement and line laser scanning. (a) Manual measurement; (b) line laser scanning

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Fig. 10. Point cloud data acquisition and preprocessing. (a) Three dimensional image of bolster spring; (b) point cloud data conversion; (c) point cloud preprocessing

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Fig. 11. Comparison of manual measurement and point cloud measurement results. (a)‒(c) Outer bolster spring; (d)‒(f) inner bolster spring

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Plane	Plane equation
Upper plane of outer bolster spring	$0.00908485 x - 0.999949 y + 0.00441526 z + 235.798 = 0$
Upper plane of inner bolster spring	$0.0140108 x - 0.999783 y + 0.0154244 z + 209.755 = 0$
Bottom plane	$0.00933259 x - 0.999952 y + 0.00279845 z + 6.8273 = 0$

Table 1. Calculation results of plane equations

Group No.	Outer bolster spring			Inner bolster spring			Time /s
Group No.	Height /mm	Outer diameter /mm	Inner diameter /mm	Height /mm	Outer diameter /mm	Inner diameter /mm	Time /s
1	252.79	138.45	91.26	228.49	81.84	50.20	2.258
2	230.42	147.60	95.80	209.52	87.80	50.84	2.387
3	230.93	147.88	95.20	210.08	87.64	51.88	2.569
4	229.93	148.04	96.64	209.85	87.78	52.42	2.293
5	251.93	138.32	91.06	209.81	86.96	52.18	2.811
6	252.13	137.60	90.88	229.70	82.00	50.28	2.857
7	251.19	137.38	90.81	228.8	82.10	50.24	2.899
8	251.40	136.84	90.02	228.36	82.58	49.80	2.962
9	251.61	138.98	91.52	229.08	81.48	49.52	2.728
10	232.01	148.12	96.00	209.74	88.08	51.34	2.931

Table 2. Measurement results of point clouds

Experiment No.	Height of outer bolster spring /mm				Height of inner bolster spring /mm
Experiment No.	Group 1	Group 2	Group 3	Group 4	Group 1	Group 2	Group 3	Group 4
Nominal dimension	252.00	232.00	232.00	252.00	229.00	210.00	210.00	210.00
Manual measurement result	252.50	230.56	230.72	251.76	228.42	209.56	209.92	209.98
1	252.79	230.42	230.93	251.93	228.49	209.52	210.08	209.81
2	252.60	230.97	230.97	252.32	228.37	209.67	209.62	209.52
3	252.49	230.12	230.77	252.17	228.52	209.31	209.80	209.67
4	252.61	230.25	231.34	251.86	228.82	209.98	209.73	210.11
5	252.49	230.91	230.75	252.09	228.55	209.79	210.21	209.95
6	252.67	230.36	230.87	251.88	228.60	209.77	209.73	210.22
7	252.64	230.34	231.21	252.24	228.35	209.34	209.97	209.80
8	252.80	230.48	230.70	252.33	228.59	209.40	209.77	209.85
9	252.47	230.76	230.72	252.02	228.58	210.04	210.39	209.76
10	252.71	230.24	230.83	251.98	228.51	210.27	209.82	210.09
Mean error	0.127	0.102	0.189	0.322	0.118	0.149	0.008	0.102
Standard deviation	0.1195	0.2946	0.2140	0.1759	0.1312	0.3225	0.2453	0.2154
RSD /%	0.047	0.128	0.093	0.070	0.057	0.154	0.117	0.103

Table 3. Repeated measurement results of bolster spring height

Experiment No.	Outer diameter of outer bolster spring /mm				Outer diameter of inner bolster spring /mm
Experiment No.	Group 1	Group 2	Group 3	Group 4	Group 1	Group 2	Group 3	Group 4
Nominal dimension	139.00	148.00	148.00	139.00	82.00	88.00	88.00	88.00
Manual measurement result	138.24	147.68	147.38	138.24	81.88	87.91	87.44	87.12
1	138.45	147.60	147.88	138.32	81.84	87.80	87.64	86.96
2	138.54	147.36	147.45	138.07	82.12	87.74	87.72	86.71
3	138.13	147.72	147.38	138.72	82.07	87.52	87.98	87.07
4	138.28	147.56	147.72	138.45	81.97	87.46	87.98	86.55
5	138.40	147.48	147.32	138.69	81.88	87.74	87.35	86.80
6	138.37	147.42	147.55	138.66	81.90	87.42	87.55	86.81
7	138.41	147.34	147.40	138.20	82.01	87.72	87.87	87.22
8	138.32	148.14	147.22	138.74	82.22	88.00	87.81	86.78
9	138.25	147.68	147.61	138.32	82.14	87.98	87.23	87.25
10	138.19	147.56	147.39	138.57	81.91	87.66	87.47	86.93
Mean error	0.094	0.094	0.112	0.234	0.126	0.206	0.220	0.212
Standard deviation	0.1247	0.2324	0.1990	0.2376	0.1274	0.1977	0.2592	0.2233
RSD /%	0.090	0.157	0.135	0.171	0.155	0.225	0.296	0.257

Table 4. Repeated measurement results of outer diameter of bolster spring

Experiment No.	Inner diameter of outer bolster spring /mm				Inner diameter of inner bolster spring /mm
Experiment No.	Group 1	Group 2	Group 3	Group 4	Group 1	Group 2	Group 3	Group 4
Nominal Dimension	91.00	96.00	96.00	91.00	50.00	52.00	52.00	52.00
Manual measurement result	91.02	96.04	95.42	90.78	50.38	51.08	52.06	52.38
1	91.26	95.80	95.20	91.06	50.20	50.84	51.88	52.18
2	90.93	96.12	95.33	90.80	50.46	50.96	52.25	52.11
3	91.15	96.02	95.62	91.22	50.31	51.26	51.96	52.08
4	90.94	96.04	95.41	90.98	50.09	51.00	52.07	52.40
5	90.78	95.98	95.10	90.74	50.40	51.02	52.13	52.17
6	90.97	95.76	95.24	90.89	50.28	51.08	52.05	52.25
7	91.00	95.54	95.73	91.30	50.17	51.10	51.88	52.08
8	91.24	95.88	95.40	90.85	50.28	50.88	52.30	52.26
9	90.86	96.00	95.26	90.94	50.30	51.14	52.14	52.13
10	91.10	96.00	95.12	90.88	50.15	51.26	52.10	52.01
Mean error	0.003	0.126	0.079	0.186	0.116	0.026	0.016	0.213
Standard deviation	0.1598	0.1721	0.2058	0.1798	0.1140	0.1430	0.1410	0.1127
RSD /%	0.176	0.180	0.216	0.198	0.227	0.280	0.271	0.216

Table 5. Repeated measurement results of inner diameter of bolster spring

Zhiyuan Wang, Huanlong Liu, Wei Liu. Geometric Dimension Measurement Method for Bolster Spring Based on Three-Dimensional Laser Point Clouds[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2023, 50(19): 1904001

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