A high-accuracy rotational Raman lidar system has been designed for daytime temperature profiling of atmospheric boundary layer. An ultraviolet laser with wavelength at 355 nm is selected as light source. A high-resolution grating is employed to separate scattering signals that the lidar receives and solar background signals according to wavelength spatially, and an edge mirror is then used to reflect the rotational Raman signal and block the majority of interference signals including solar background and Mie-scattering and Rayleigh-scattering signals. Two signal, whose central wavelengths are located at 353.9 nm and 353.1 nm, respectively, are filtered by two narrowband interference filters. The two filters also block the leakage of interference signal accurately, which ensures the requirement of daytime measurement. The lidar system is simulated by using a numerical calculation, and the result shows that the system is capable of measuring temperature profile of atmospheric boundary layer in daytime with a temperature errors of less than 1 K up to a height of 2.5 km under conditions of laser energy of 300 mJ, 25 cm diameter telescope, observation time of 10 min, solar radiance of 3×108 W/(m2·sr·nm) and atmospheric backscattering ratio less than 2.5.