In this paper, a polarization character was proposed focusing on the evaluation of soot content in the air based on our polarized photon scattering simulation program. The simulation results demonstrate that the polarization parameter at a specific scattering angle can identify the soot particles from other air pollutants. The corresponding experiments classified the preliminary study. Compared with non-polarization optical measurement, polarization characterization can not only be improved from the current non-polarization scattering instrument, but also enhance the contrast of distinguishing different type particles and optimize the detection setup.