Vegetables are one of the most essential foods in human's daily diet. They not only provide various vitamins required by the human body but also supplement nutrients, such as dietary fiber. Detecting vegetable traits is critical during the growth and development precesses. Hyperspectral imaging technology is a new type of non-destructive testing technology that combines traditional spectroscopy with machine vision technology. It can not only obtain image dimension information but also delve deeper into the spectral dimension information within vegetables and investigate the changes of vegetable traits at the same time, based on the image dimension level and spectral dimension level of vegetable images. This article reviewed the research results of hyperspectral imaging on the non-destructive detection of vegetable traits from three aspects: the internal quality detection of vegetables, nutrient element monitoring, and disease diagnosis. The future development direction is proposed combined with the existing problems.