According to the requirements of adjusting focus and drift angle for the large diameter, long focal length and high resolution space optical remote sensor, a two-dimensional precision adjustment mechanism is proposed for focal plane based on the high rigidity, strength ball spline structure and the high precision ball screw structure, which is able to realize the purpose of adjusting the focus and drift angle. This two-dimensional precision adjustment mechanism for focal plane not only has the advantage of compact structure, taking up small space and light quality, but also has enough strength and stiffness and excellent self-locking and resistance to cold welding properties. The quality of this structure is 5.5 kg. Its focusing range and resolution are ±2 mm and 0.17 μm, respectively. The adjustable range for drift angle is ±5, while resolution is better than 0.000 2″. The test result shows that all the parameters meet the requirements. So it’s suitable for application on the large diameter, long focal length and high resolution space optical remote sensor.