• Infrared and Laser Engineering
  • Vol. 47, Issue 1, 106005 (2018)
Jin Kai1、2、3、*, Wei Kai1、2, Li Min1、2, Cheng Feng1、2, Bo Yong4, Zuo Junwei4, Yao Ji4, Bian Qi3、4, Feng Lu5, Xue Xianghui6, Cheng Xuewu7, Qian Xianmei8, Angel Otarola9, and Zhang Yudong1、2
Author Affiliations
  • 1[in Chinese]
  • 2[in Chinese]
  • 3[in Chinese]
  • 4[in Chinese]
  • 5[in Chinese]
  • 6[in Chinese]
  • 7[in Chinese]
  • 8[in Chinese]
  • 9[in Chinese]
  • show less
    DOI: 10.3788/irla201847.0106005 Cite this Article
    Jin Kai, Wei Kai, Li Min, Cheng Feng, Bo Yong, Zuo Junwei, Yao Ji, Bian Qi, Feng Lu, Xue Xianghui, Cheng Xuewu, Qian Xianmei, Angel Otarola, Zhang Yudong. Theoretical and experimental study on photometry of a sodium laser guide star[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2018, 47(1): 106005 Copy Citation Text show less
    References

    [1] Rousset G, Fontanella J C, Kern P, et al. First diffraction-limited astronomical images with adaptive optics[J]. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 1990, 230: L29-L32.

    [2] Hardy J W. Adaptive Optics for Astronomical Telescopes[M]. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998.

    [3] Thompson L A, Gardner C S. Experiments on laser guide stars at Mauna Kea Observatory for adaptive imaging in astronomy[J]. Nature, 1987, 328(6127): 229-231.

    [4] Greenwood D P, Primmerman C A. Adaptive optics research at Lincoln Laboratory[J]. Lincoln Laboratory Journal, 1992, 5: 3-24.

    [5] Fugate R Q, Spinhirne J M, Moroney J F, et al. Two generations of laser-guide-star adaptive-optics experiments at the Starfire Optical Range[J]. JOSA A, 1994, 11(1): 310-324.

    [6] Boyer C, Ellerbroek B, Gilles L, et al. The TMT laser guide star facility[C]//1st AO4ELT Conference-Adaptive Optics for Extremely Large Telescopes, EDP Sciences, 2010: 04004.

    [7] Primmerman C A, Murphy D V. Compensation of atmospheric optical distortion using a synthetic beacon[J]. Nature, 1991, 353(6340): 141.

    [8] Olivier S S, An J R, Avicola K, et al. Performance of laser guide star adaptive optics at Lick Observatory[C]//SPIE′s 1995 International Symposium on Optical Science, Engineering and Instrumentation, 1995: 26-37.

    [9] Gavel D, Ammons M, Bauman B, et al. Visible light laser guidestar experimental system(Villages): on-sky tests of new technologies for visible wavelength all-sky coverage adaptive optics systems[C]//SPIE Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation, 2008, 7105: 70150G.

    [10] Jeys T H. Development of a mesospheric sodium laser beacon for atmospheric adaptive optics[J]. Lincoln Laboratory Journal, 1991, 4(2): 133-150.

    [11] Velur V, Kibblewhite E J, Dekany R G, et al. Implementation of the Chicago sum frequency laser at Palomar laser guide star test bed[C]//SPIE Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation, 2004: 1033-1040.

    [12] Saito N, Akagawa K, Kato M, et al. Development of all-solid-state coherent 589 nm light source: toward the realization of sodium lidar and laser guide star adaptive optics[C]//Asia-Pacific Remote Sensing Symposium, 2006: 64091H.

    [13] Lee I, Jalali M, Vanasse N, et al. 20 W and 50 W guidestar laser system update for the Keck I and Gemini South telescopes[C]//SPIE Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation, 2008, 7105: 70150N.

    [14] Wang P Y, Xie S Y, Bo Y, et al. 33 W quasi-continuous-wave narrow-band sodium D2a laser by sum-frequency generation in LBO[J]. Chinese Physics B, 2014, 23(9): 094208.

    [15] Calia D B, Hackenberg W, Chernikov S, et al. AFIRE: fiber Raman laser for laser guide star adaptive optics[C]//SPIE Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation, 2006, 6272: 62721M.

    [16] Feng Y, Calia D B, Hackenberg W, et al. Design of a narrow band 589 nm laser by direct Raman shift in single mode fiber[C]//SPIE Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation, 2006, 6272: 62724A.

    [17] Feng Y, Taylor L R, Calia D B. 25 W Raman-fiber-amplifier-based 589 nm laser for laser guide star[J]. Optics Express, 2009, 17(21): 19021-19026.

    [18] Zhang L, Jiang H, Cui S, et al. Versatile Raman fiber laser for sodium laser guide star[J]. Laser & Photonics Reviews, 2014, 8(6): 889-895.

    [19] Milonni P W, Thode L E. Theory of mesospheric sodium fluorescence excited by pulse trains[J]. Applied Optics, 1992, 31(6): 785-800.

    [20] Milonni P W, Fugate R Q, Telle J M. Analysis of measured photon returns from sodium beacons[J]. JOSA A, 1998, 15(1): 217-233.

    [21] Milonni P W, Fearn H, Telle J M, et al. Theory of continuous-wave excitation of the sodium beacon[J]. JOSA A, 1999, 16(10): 2555-2566.

    [22] Kibblewhite E. Calculation of returns from sodium beacons for different types of laser[C]//SPIE Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation, 2008, 7015: 70150M.

    [23] Holzlhner R, Rochester S M, Calia D B, et al. Optimization of cw sodium laser guide star efficiency[J]. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 2010, 510: A20.

    [24] Rochester S M, Otarola A, Boyer C, et al. Modeling of pulsed-laser guide stars for the Thirty Meter Telescope project[J]. JOSA B, 2012, 29(8): 2176-2188.

    [25] Jeys T H, Kibblewhite E, Heinrichs R M, et al. Observation of optical pumping of mesospheric sodium[J]. Optics Letters, 1992, 17(16): 1143-1145.

    [26] Drummond J, Telle J, Denman C, et al. Photometry of a sodium laser guide star at the Starfire Optical Range[J]. Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 2004, 116(817): 278-290.

    [27] Drummond J, Telle J, Denman C, et al. Photometry of a sodium laser guide star from the Starfire Optical Range. II. Compensating the pump beam[J]. Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 2004, 116(824): 952-960.

    [28] Calia D B, Guidolin I, Friedenauer A, et al. The ESO transportable LGS Unit for measurements of the LGS photon return and other experiments[C]//SPIE Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation, 2012, 8450: 84501R.

    [29] Wei K, Bo Y, Xue X, et al. Photon returns test of the pulsed sodium guide star laser on the 1.8 meter telescope[C]//SPIE Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation, 2012, 8447: 84471R.

    [30] Liu Jie, Wang Jianli, Lv Tianyu, et al. Research on the calculation method of sodium laser guide star magnitude[J]. Scientia Sinica: Physica, Mechanica & Astronomical, 2013, 43(3): 318-323. (in Chinese)

    [31] Wang Feng, Chen Tianjiang, Luo Zhongxiang, et al. Experimental study on backscattering characteristics of sodium beacon based on a long pulse laser[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2014, 63(1): 014208. (in Chinese)

    [32] Xu Zuyan, Bo Yong, Peng Qinjun, et al. Progress on sodium laser guide star[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2016, 45(1): 0101001. (in Chinese)

    [33] Yu Longkun, Wu Yi, Hou Zaihong, et al. Study on the measurement of coherence length by differential image motion monitor[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2013, 33(12): 1201004. (in Chinese)

    [34] Yu Longkun, Shen Hong, Jing Xu, et al. Study on the measurement of isoplanatic angle using stellar scintillation[J]Acta Optica Sinica, 2014, 34(3): 0301001. (in Chinese)

    [35] Gao Q, Chu X, Xue X, et al. Lidar observations of thermospheric Na layers up to 170 km with a descending tidal phase at Lijiang (26.7°N, 100.0°E), China[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 2015, 120(10): 9213-9220.

    [36] Bessell M S. UBVRI photometry II: the Cousins VRI system, its temperature and absolute flux calibration, and relevance for two-dimensional photometry[J]. Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1979, 91(543): 589.

    [37] Feng L, Shen Z, Xue S, et al. A sodium laser guide star coupling efficiency measurement method[J]. Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics, 2016, 9(16): 144.

    [38] Otarola A, Hickson P, Gagne R, et al. On-sky tests of a high-power pulsed laser for sodium laser guide star adaptive optics[J]. Journal of Astronomical Instrumentation, 2016, 5(1): 1650001.

    [39] Milone E F F, Sterken C. Astronomical Photometry: Past, Present, and Future[M]. New York: Springer Science & Business Media, 2011.

    [40] The Science-based Requirements Document of the Thirty Meter Telescope[EB/OL]. [2015-12-14]. http://www.tmt.org/documents.

    CLP Journals

    [1] Huang Jian, Wei Kai, Jin Kai, Wang Gongchang, Li Min, Zhang Yudong. Study on spot size and photon return of a sodium laser guide star[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2019, 48(1): 106004

    Jin Kai, Wei Kai, Li Min, Cheng Feng, Bo Yong, Zuo Junwei, Yao Ji, Bian Qi, Feng Lu, Xue Xianghui, Cheng Xuewu, Qian Xianmei, Angel Otarola, Zhang Yudong. Theoretical and experimental study on photometry of a sodium laser guide star[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2018, 47(1): 106005
    Download Citation