• Infrared and Laser Engineering
  • Vol. 52, Issue 10, 20230005 (2023)
Zhijiang Zeng1,2,3, Xue Li1,2,*, Songmin Zhou1,2, Fulong Zhuang1,2..., Guangyu Fan1,2, Zhenyi Hao1,2, Cui Fan1,2,3 and Haimei Gong1,2|Show fewer author(s)
Author Affiliations
  • 1State Key Laboratories of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China
  • 2Key Laboratory of Infrared Imaging Materials and Detectors, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China
  • 3University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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    DOI: 10.3788/IRLA20230005 Cite this Article
    Zhijiang Zeng, Xue Li, Songmin Zhou, Fulong Zhuang, Guangyu Fan, Zhenyi Hao, Cui Fan, Haimei Gong. SWIR focal plane array cooled assembly of Tianwen-1 mineralogical spectrometer[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2023, 52(10): 20230005 Copy Citation Text show less
    Photograph of 512×320 SWIR detector of the MMS
    Fig. 1. Photograph of 512×320 SWIR detector of the MMS
    Dewar structure design for 512×320 SWIR detector
    Fig. 2. Dewar structure design for 512×320 SWIR detector
    Requirements of filter partition design
    Fig. 3. Requirements of filter partition design
    Noise distribution of IDDCA with 40 ms integration time
    Fig. 4. Noise distribution of IDDCA with 40 ms integration time
    Schematic diagram of cold platform with the noise isolation
    Fig. 5. Schematic diagram of cold platform with the noise isolation
    Detector noise distribution with 40 ms integration time of noise isolation structure
    Fig. 6. Detector noise distribution with 40 ms integration time of noise isolation structure
    Schematic diagram of IDDCA for the MMS
    Fig. 7. Schematic diagram of IDDCA for the MMS
    Illustration of short wave IDDCA
    Fig. 8. Illustration of short wave IDDCA
    The cooldown time curve of IDDCA under different fill pressures
    Fig. 9. The cooldown time curve of IDDCA under different fill pressures
    Spectral response curve and imaging photo of IDDCA
    Fig. 10. Spectral response curve and imaging photo of IDDCA
    ItemCharacteristicsRemarks
    Detection bandsFrom SWIR to MWIR spectral detection
    Broad spectrum spectroscopy1000-3400 nm[7]Divided into A/B/C bands Band A: 1-1.9 μm; Band B: 1.4-2.7 μm; Band C: 2.1-3.4 μm
    Low background noise250e
    Typical SNR150
    Operating temperature80 K/90 K/150 KThree switchable operating temperatures
    SWaPSmall size, low weight (IDDCA ≤ 800 g), low power consumption (stable power ≤ 12 W)
    Reliability testThermal cycle test; thermal vacuum test; high temperature storage; low temperature storage; acceleration; 1400 g mechanical shock; sinusoidal and random vibration; open/close loop and life; electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) etc.Full test
    Table 1. The characteristic of IDDCA for the MMS
    ItemSpecificationsItemSpecifications
    Optical F/# (fn) 2.87Typical wavelength/μm1.595/1.0/3.4
    Unit cells (a1×a1)/μm225×25Grating transmittance (ηg) 0.3173/0.0814/ 0.4418
    Spectral resolution (λw)/nm 20Solar irradiance (L)/W·m−2·μm−1258.30/751/ 16.59
    Surface albedo (Re) 0.15Lens efficiency (η0) 0.9
    Solar altitude angle (Ah) 0.707Integration time (Tint1)/s 0.02
    Table 2. The main optical parameters of the MMS
    ItemParametersTest results
    IDDCA performanceSpectral response range/μm1.0-3.4
    Detector response characteristicsNon-uniformity4.8%
    Quantum efficiency3.4 μm@50%
    1.0 μm@16.5%
    Rate of blind pixels0.55%
    Detector readout modeNon-linearity0.764%
    Output saturation voltage/V2.225
    Frame frequency/Hz60.44
    IDDCASNR225@1.595 μm
    Table 3. The SWIR detector parameters in the MMS
    Part nameMaterialDensity/kg·m−3Mass/g
    Cold platform4J3681006.92
    infrared detectorMCT5.760.43
    Silicon circuitSi23300.39
    SubstrateAl2O340200.62
    Filter holder4J2983502.53
    FilterAl2O340201.00
    Cold shieldNi/Co89081.29
    Total13.18
    Table 4. Components and their mass at the top of cold finger in Dewar
    Main parametersNameTest results
    Main performance of IDDCA Spectral response range/μm1.0-3.4
    Total weight/g711.2
    Thermal loss539 mW@80 K
    Power supply24VDC & 12 VDC
    Switchable operating temperatures/K80/90/150
    Temperature stability0.2 K@30 min
    Cooldown time12 min@90 K
    Temperature accuracy/K0.3
    Detector response characteristicsNon-uniformity4.8%
    Quantum efficiency3.4 μm@50%
    1.0 μm@16.5%
    Rate of blind pixels0.55%
    Non-linearity0.764%
    Detector readout modeFrame frequency/Hz60.44
    SNR225@1.595 μm
    Table 6. The specifications of short wave IDDCA
    Zhijiang Zeng, Xue Li, Songmin Zhou, Fulong Zhuang, Guangyu Fan, Zhenyi Hao, Cui Fan, Haimei Gong. SWIR focal plane array cooled assembly of Tianwen-1 mineralogical spectrometer[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2023, 52(10): 20230005
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