With the development of industrialization, heavy metal pollution in water and soil has become increasingly serious. Among them, the heavy metal nickel is a common sensitizing metal, which can cause allergic inflammation in the human body, and even cause cancer; the excessive lead concentration in the blood will harm the human nervous, cardiovascular, and reproductive systems, causing lifelong harm. Therefore, it is of great significance to control the heavy metal pollution of nickel and lead. Steel slag is a by-product produced in the steelmaking process, which has the problems of difficulty in utilization and low added value. At the same time, coupled with the imperfect management system, a large amount of steel slag is piled up in the open air, which seriously impacts land resources, groundwater sources, and air quality. Steel slag powder has the characteristics of a large specific surface area, porosity and high chemical activity. It is widely used and can be used as an adsorbent material. In this paper, the converter steel slag powder is taken as the research object, and the basic properties of the converter steel slag powder are tested by a laser particle size analyzer, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer, specific surface area and porosity adsorption analyzer, and X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. The effect of initial concentration, solution pH and adsorption time on the adsorption of Ni2+ and Pb2+ by the converter steel slag powder, combined with the adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherm theory to reveal the adsorption mechanism of the converter steel slag powder on Ni2+, Pb2+, for the treatment of nickel, lead heavy metal pollution and industrial Provide technical support and theoretical basis for wastewater treatment. The results show that when the amount of converter slag powder is greater than 12.5 g·L-1, the initial concentration of heavy metals is less than 100mg·L-1, the pH of the solution is greater than 3 and the adsorption time is greater than 120min, the adsorption effect of converter slag powder on Ni2+ and Pb2+ is good, that is, it reaches 90%. The adsorption of Ni2+ and Pb2+ by converter slag powder is by the quasi-second-order kinetic model. The adsorption rate is controlled by boundary diffusion and intra-particle diffusion, and the main adsorption process is chemical adsorption. The converter steel slag powder structure has porosity to provide adsorption space for physical adsorption of Ni2+ and Pb2+. The chemical composition of converter steel slag powder is alkaline to form complex products with Ni2+ and Pb2+, and CaO and SiO2 form C—S—H gel during the hydration process. It forms complex adsorption and silicate system encapsulation for Ni2+ and Pb2+. The adsorption of Ni2+ and Pb2+ by converter steel slag powder may be multi-layer adsorption. The adsorption process of Ni2+ and Pb2+ is preferential, and the adsorption is easy to carry out. The theoretical maximum adsorption capacities are 18.785 and 17.002 mg·g-1, respectively.