A novel fiber laserquantum-dot-doped fiber laser (QDFL) is presented. A two-lever system is established based on the observed single-peak photoluminescence of the CdSe/ZnS quantum dot (QD) that is used as the active medium. The optimal parameters (doping concentration, fiber length, reflectivity of output mirror, pump wavelength) of QDFL are determined by solving the rate equations and the power propagation equations in the two-level system, using a genetic algorithm and taking the laser output power as an objective function. Compared with the conventional Nd3+-doped fiber laser, QDFL shows a lower saturated doping concentration, a shorter saturated fiber length and a higher pump efficiency. Upon a pump power of 2 W, the simulated laser power of QDFL can reach 1.5 W. Further, such a single-wavelength QDFL can be developed into a novel multi-wavelength laser in multiple sized doped cases.