The characteristics of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) of metal element Pb in soil are analyzed using the NdYAG (wavelength1064 nm) laser as the excitation source, where the spectral signals are detected by the high resolved and wide spectral echelle spectrograph and intensity charged coupled device (ICCD), with the characteristic spectral lines of Pb (Pb405.78 nm) for the analysis of line. By measuring the intensities of the characteristic spectral line with different Pb concentrations, it is demonstrated that the intensities of the spectral line increase with the mass fraction of Pb between 40×10-6 and 1350×10-6. From the results, the LIBS calibration curve of Pb is obtained, and by fitting calculation, the detection limit of Pb in soil at 25.82×10-6 is obtained. The maximum relative error of LIBS measurements and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) measurements is 8%.