Sodium ion batteries (SIBs) have a great potential in electrochemical energy storage. However, the development of SIBs anodes with high specific capacity and cycle stability is still a challenge. In this paper, a VS2/Ti3C2Tx MXene sodium-ion battery anode was synthesized via a solvothermal strategy to form VS2 nanosheet in situ anchoring on Ti3C2Tx MXene structure. The agglomeration of VS2 during growth process was suppressed based on in-situ confinement growth mechanism by Ti3C2Tx MXene. In addition, the charge transfer kinetics of VS2 is also largely boosted by the stable chemical coupling between VS2 and Ti3C2Tx MXene. As a result, the VS2/Ti3C2Tx MXene composite exhibits a high specific capacity of 340 mA·h/g at a high current density of 10 A/g, as well as a stable long-term electrochemical performance after 2 000 cycles at a current density of 5 A/g. This design of composite provides an effective approach for the development of anode materials for sodium-ion batteries with a high energy density and a high power density.