The solid-liquid interface in which the dissolved organic matter DOM exists is the most active part of chemical reaction and microbial activity. The preseenc of oxygen-containing aromatic functional groups in DOM can affect the migration and transformation of organic pollutants and heavy metals. Compost material swine manure is rich in nitrogen elements that are beneficial to microbial growth, and its DOM structure changes may be unique. 8 representative samples of different stages of DOM were extracted from swine manure compost using UV-Vis and fluorescence spectra of modern spectroscopy, combined with the basic physical and chemical indicators of swine manure composting DOM structure and organic components of evolutionary characteristics. Thedissolvedorganic carbon and total organic carbondecreased by 5888% and 1630% respectively, which indicated that the degradation rate of dissolvedorganic carbon was higher than that ofinsoluble organic carbon. The values of SUVA254, SUVA280 and E253/E203 increased, indicating that the aromatic content of DOM increased, the content of macromolecule organic matter increased, and the number of oxygen groups increased in the aromatic ring substituents. Fluorescent volume percentage of tyrosine-like substances, tryptophan-like substances and microbial metabolites decreased from 1596%, 1814% and 2545% to 553%, 1127% and 1796% respectively, while humic acid-like and fulvide-like organic were from 1767% and 2277% to 2062% and 4462% respectively. The degradation rate of protein-like substances in the organic matter components of DOM is higher than that of humus-like substances. As the composting substances are converted into humus-like substances, the contents of protein in DOM are gradually reduced, and the content of humus-like substances andthe degree of compost stabilization are increased.