According to the current situation of three-dimensional reconstruction and deformation analysis technology of large-scale surface, a dynamic measurement method of surface based on binocular structured light system is proposed. In the process of surface reconstruction, the system can move freely, and the movement path of the system can be restored through the visual positioning method. In order to ensure the accuracy of the surface reconstruction, a global optimization method is used to unify the structured light point clouds extracted from each position under the global coordinate system, which effectively avoids the accumulation of errors in the pose calculation process and obtains a high-precision surface morphology. The two-position global coordinate system poses are unified, and the high-precision attitude sensor and static reference point are used to calculate the relative pose between the global coordinate systems during the two measurements. Experimental results show that this method is fast and has high precision, and the relative error of deformation measurement is within 0.12%.