To explore the optical characteristics and formation mechanism of Achillidesbianor Cramer scales, the discoloration experiment of butterfly scales is carried out by filling alcohol solution and changing the incident angle. The microstructures of the forewing and hindwing scales are observed and analyzed in this paper. The bionic structure model of the scales with structure color is constructed, and the reflection spectrum characteristics of the scales film structure are simulated by using the transfer matrix method. The surfaces of the yellow-green and cyan areas on the edge of the scales of the Achillidesbianor Cramer are composed of the dark-brown base scales of the lower honeycomb grid light-trapping structure and the colored scales of the upper fold and pit-like film structure. The colored scales are formed by mixing 2 structural colors at the bottom of the surface micro-pits and the side walls, and it is sensitive to organic solution and light conditions due to the influence of the structure of natural photonic crystal film and its fine size. The unique optical characteristics of the Achillidesbianor Cramer scales can provide some reference for the field of bionic intelligent materials, such as adaptive color changing camouflage, sensor detection and so on.