In order to generate optical vortex with high topological charges, theoretical analysis, simulations and experimental demonstration of quadrupling topological charges of vortex based on spiral phase plate were presented. According to Fresnel diffraction integral, theory of quadrupling topological charges was analyzed. Setup of quadrupling topological charges based on one spiral phase plate was designed, then mathematical model was built and relative intensity of vortex after quadrupling was simulated. Simulated graphs of relative intensity and optical radius were plotted, the radius and intensity were smoothly changed during the quadrupling. Finally, vortices with topological charges 4, 8, 12, 16 were generated and the reason why vortices with high topological charges generated by quadrupling were of poor quality was analyzed.