New methods based on nanomaterials, such as biomolecular detection, photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy and nanoparticle drug delivery, are gradually becoming important measures for diagnosis and treatment. However, due to the shortcoming of conventional nanomaterials or the defects in diagnosis and treatment, current nanomedicine technologies have many challenges, including low drug utilization rate, great toxic side effect and low treatment effect. The combination of nanotechnology and photonic technologies offers precise control over light-matter interaction, which improves the accuracy and stability of the technology for biomedicine diagnosis and treatment on nanometer scale. Domestic and oversea development status of multifunctional nanophotonics technology oriented to precise biomedicine in recent years is summarized from four aspects: to enhance the stability of nanomedicine with optical technologies; to accurately monitor the process of tumor nano-treatment by using optical technologies; to acquire the physical insights of the mechanism of nanomedicine with optical technologies; to develop new methods for refinement of the frontier biomedicine research with novel optical technologies.