In recent years, the resolution of far field optical imaging has broken the limit of diffraction limit with the appearance of new fluorescent probes and the improvement of imaging methods. The fluorescence microscopy based on structured illumination has become one of the main superresolution imaging techniques owing to its advantages such as fast imaging speed and light toxicity. The most critical technologies in structured illumination microscopy are concentrated on rapid control of the high-quality illumination pattern and the image reconstruction method. An unsuitable method will generate the artifacts in the reconstruction super-resolution image and that may confuse the scientific evaluation of biological morphology. Several typical structured illumination microscopic super resolution reconstruction algorithms are compared. It is proven that the image transform of the structured illumination microscopic super resolution reconstruction algorithm based on image recombination transform can effectively solve the low structure light modulation under the super-resolution image reconstruction problem, and reduce the excitation power of the structured illumination microscopy.