The land border tourism in China serves as a pillar industry in the local economic development and is becoming an important sector for international cooperation. Based on literature review and field surveys, this paper investigated the quantity, types and quality of land border tourism resources of prefectural-level city in China. In addition, the Chinese Land Border Tourism Development Database was established with another two indicators of land border tourist number and land border tourism revenue between 2006-2015. The paper further analyzed the spatial pattern of land border tourism development from the view of spatial variation and spatial association. The influencing factors and suggestions for land border tourism development were offered. The results showed that there were 3341 units of land border tourism resources in China, 34.36% of which were of high quality. Buildings and facilities were the most common types of tourism resources. The spatial difference of the land border tourism resources was obvious. The overall coefficient of variation (CV) is 70.55% and the CVs of astronomical phenomena and meteorological landscapes, tourism commodities and human activities were higher than 100%. The high-high clusters and low-low clusters were apparent in the southwest and northeast of China, indicating that the land border tourism resources in the southwest region were rich and that in the northeast needs to be better developed. During 2006-2015, the land border tourism economy grew fastest in the northwest of Xinjiang and the east of Heilongjiang province. The hot spots of the land border tourism economy occurred in the northeast of China, while the cold spots appeared in the east and southwest of Xinjiang as well as the southwest of Tibet. The location advantage, terrain, cultural diversity, the relationships between neighboring countries and public facilities were the main factors influencing the patterns of land border tourism resources and economy. It was suggested that the government should adjust the management policies based on the characteristics of local resources, develop different types of resources comprehensively, strengthen the cooperation domestically and internationally, improve the public facilities and protect the local environment and ethnic culture.