For the radiation heat transfer of particles in high-temperature combustion environment, radiation spectroscopy was presented to on-line measure radiation heat transfer parameters based on Planck’s law. According to the changes of radiation spectrums with wavelength in visible range, the temperature and radiation intensity of radiation heat transfer were obtained directly based on parameter fitting method. In order to verify the measurement accuracy, the measurement system of high-temperature blackbody furnace was built. The results of measurements showed that the relative deviation of temperature measurements and setting value was less than 3%, and the relative deviation of radiation intensity measurements and theoretical calculation value was less than 5%. On this basis, the water-cooled probe for radiation heat transfer parameters measurement of particles in high-temperature combustion environment was designed and applied to measure 200~1 100 nm radiation spectrums of gas-solid two phase flow in high-temperature combustion environment. The across section distribution of temperature and radiation intensity of high-temperature particles were obtained directly by using this method. It can eliminate influence of gas convective heat transfer effectively, and provide data support for research on radiation heat transfer of high-temperature particles.