• Laser & Optoelectronics Progress
  • Vol. 57, Issue 2, 21015 (2020)
Yan Chunman, Chen Jiahui, Ma Yunting, Hao Youfei, and Zhang Di
Author Affiliations
  • College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
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    DOI: 10.3788/LOP57.021015 Cite this Article Set citation alerts
    Yan Chunman, Chen Jiahui, Ma Yunting, Hao Youfei, Zhang Di. Improvement of Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm and Its Application in QR-Code Recognition[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2020, 57(2): 21015 Copy Citation Text show less
    Schematic of lifting wavelet transform
    Fig. 1. Schematic of lifting wavelet transform
    QR-code image decomposition based on ifting wavelet transform
    Fig. 2. QR-code image decomposition based on ifting wavelet transform
    Process of feature extraction for QR-code image
    Fig. 3. Process of feature extraction for QR-code image
    Optimal convergence curves of functions. (a) F1; (b) F2
    Fig. 4. Optimal convergence curves of functions. (a) F1; (b) F2
    Partial QR-code samples
    Fig. 5. Partial QR-code samples
    Testing results of mixed components of high and low frequencies
    Fig. 6. Testing results of mixed components of high and low frequencies
    FunctionIGWOIGWO1IGWO2ILFGWO
    MeanSt.devMeanSt.devMeanSt.devMeanSt.dev
    F12.066×10273.571×10275.741×10333.370×10331.251×10391.713×10391.613×10412.599×1041
    F28.701×10166.838×10164.518×10204.300×10201.851×10231.396×10234.045×10253.465×1025
    F36.429×1075.597×1071.936×1082.039×1081.197×10101.341×10106.449×10115.761×1011
    F43.38574.39201.22062.51791.894×10171.037×101600
    F59.846×10141.714×10143.795×10145.451×10141.273×10144.102×10141.308×10152.903×1015
    F60.00780.01390.00150.00620000
    Table 1. Testing results for six benchmark functions
    Decomposition level1234
    Training time /s220.4368.8031.4823.79
    Recognition rate /%9694.58234.5
    Table 2. Testing results of low-frequency components in levels of 1-4
    Comparison itemGWO-SVMPSO-SVMDE-SVMILFGWO-SVM
    Sample weight of correct recognition195/200192/200194/200199/200
    Recognition rate /%97.5969799.5
    Table 3. Classification results of SVM model optimized by different algorithms
    No.MethodRecognition rate /%Test time /s
    1Lifting wavelet+MB-LBP+SVM71.516.10
    2Lifting wavelet+MB-LBP+PCA+SVM954.73
    3Lifting wavelet+MB-LBP+ILFGWO-SVM94113.68
    4Lifting wavelet+MB-LBP+PCA+ILFGWO-SVM99.59.12
    Table 4. Comparison of recognition performances of different models
    Yan Chunman, Chen Jiahui, Ma Yunting, Hao Youfei, Zhang Di. Improvement of Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm and Its Application in QR-Code Recognition[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2020, 57(2): 21015
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