The performances and advancements of the two optical payloads, produced by Beijing Institute of Space Mechanics and Electricity, onboard GF-5 satellite were introduced in the paper. The atmosphere environment high-resolution infrared Fourier transform spectrometer had high-resolution, high sun tracking accuracy and high spectral calibration accuracy. Visual and infrared multispectral sensor had high spectral resolution, wide spectral range and high radiometric calibration accuracy. Compared with other similar optical payloads, they were advanced both here and abroad which greatly improved the ability of high-precision observation of China. Key parameters, system composition, key technology, advancements and test results were introdued. At the end of this paper, development direction and enlightenment of follow-up spectrometer were pointed out.