Taking into account of the slow measuring speed, low measuring accuracy and complex system structure of the existing Stokes parameters acquisition method , a new acquisition method of full-Stokes parameters in double Liquid Crystal Variable Retarder (LCVR) and Acousto-Optical Tunable Filter (AOTF) combining spectral polarization imaging system is established. Based on the working principle of AOTF and LCVR, this paper has explored the basic detection principles of the system before a new method for fast acquisition of full-Stokes parameters is proposed. According to polarization analysis, fixed control voltage is selected as the basis, in which four fixed voltages are selected as the control voltages of LCVR, and two identical LCVR are controlled at the same time to complete phase modulation of optical waves. The Stokes parameters can be obtained with four groups of phase delay which are plunging the same. Besides, a LCVR controller is designed to stabilize the output square wave whose root mean square is 0 to +8.72 V. Then, its calibration is carried out in order to realize precise modulation of different optical waves. Finally, an experimental prototype is set up to test the target, with three polarizing plates P1, P2 and P3 whose polarization directions being 0, 90 and 45 degrees respectively as the targets of polarization measurement. The full-Stokes parameter figures with a wavelength of 632 nm is obtained; paper painted with red, green and blue lines and the angle of 30 degrees are used as the target of spectral measurement, spectral imaging on 71 channels of 400~750 nm spectral range (spectral bandwidth of 5 nm), the spectrum curves of red, green, blue are acquired which accordant with their theoretical spectral graphs. The results show that not only all the Stokes parameters can be obtained quickly and accurately with the system, but also the structure of system is simplified and the imaging quality is improved.