Aiming at the problem that the pulse width range of the driving circuit with nanosecond pulse width in semiconductor lasers is small and cannot be adjusted, a design scheme of a narrow pulse laser driving circuit with adjustable pulse width is proposed. According to the field programmable logic gate array (FPGA) technology and the working principle of the semiconductor laser, a general model of the semiconductor laser drive circuit is built, and simulation and experimental analysis are performed. Taking FPGA development board as the control core, using high-speed metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) drive chip DE375 as a switch to achieve precise control of the drive power and semiconductor laser. The output pulse current amplitude of the circuit can reach 40 A, pulse width is 5-200 ns, repetition frequency is 0-50 kHz, and rising edge width is less than 5 ns, which effectively improves the function of the semiconductor laser drive circuit.