Spectroscopic and Yellow Laser Features of Dy3+: Y3Al5O12 Single Crystals

Jiaxue YANG; Wen LI; Yan WANG; Zhaojie ZHU; Zhenyu YOU; Jianfu LI; Chaoyang TU

doi:10.15541/jim20220386

Journals >Journal of Inorganic Materials >Volume 38 >Issue 3 >Page 350 > Article

Journal of Inorganic Materials
Vol. 38, Issue 3, 350 (2023)

Spectroscopic and Yellow Laser Features of Dy³⁺: Y₃Al₅O₁₂ Single Crystals

Jiaxue YANG^1、2, Wen LI^1、3, Yan WANG^1、4、*, Zhaojie ZHU^1、4, Zhenyu YOU^1、4, Jianfu LI^1、4, and Chaoyang TU^1、4、*

Author Affiliations

¹1. Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China

²2. College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China

³3. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China

⁴4. Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou 350108, China

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DOI: 10.15541/jim20220386 Cite this Article

Jiaxue YANG, Wen LI, Yan WANG, Zhaojie ZHU, Zhenyu YOU, Jianfu LI, Chaoyang TU. Spectroscopic and Yellow Laser Features of Dy³⁺: Y₃Al₅O₁₂ Single Crystals [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2023, 38(3): 350 Copy Citation Text

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1. Photos of the as-grown single crystals

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2. Absorption spectra of Dy: YAG crystals

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3. Emission spectra of YAG crystals with different Dy³⁺ concentrations excited by 447 nm (a) and variation of intensity of 582 nm and ⁴F_9/2 level lifetime with Dy³⁺ concentrations in Dy: YAG crystals (b)

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4. Laser spectra (a) and variation of output power with absorbed pump power of 2.0%Dy: YAG crystal (b)

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Crystal	c/% (in atomic)	k_eff	N_c/cm^-3	α/cm^-1	σ_abs/cm²
0.5% Dy: YAG	0.239	0.478	3.31×10¹⁹	0.055	1.66×10^-21
1.0% Dy: YAG	0.479	0.479	6.61×10¹⁹	0.103	1.56×10^-21
2.0% Dy: YAG	0.970	0.485	1.33×10²⁰	0.215	1.61×10^-21
3.0% Dy: YAG	1.427	0.475	1.95×10²⁰	0.338	1.73×10^-21
4.0% Dy: YAG	1.975	0.494	2.69×10²⁰	0.430	1.60×10^-21

Table 1.

Concentration, effective segregation coefficient and absorption cross-section of Dy³⁺ in YAG crystal

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⁶H_15/2→	$\bar{λ}$ /nm	n	0.5%Dy: YAG			1.0%Dy: YAG			2.0%Dy: YAG			3.0%Dy: YAG			4.0%Dy: YAG
⁶H_15/2→	$\bar{λ}$ /nm	n	S_exp/(×10^-20, cm²)		S_cal/(×10^-20, cm²)	S_exp/(×10^-20, cm²)		S_cal/(×10^-20, cm²)	S_exp/(×10^-20, cm²)		S_cal/(×10^-20, cm²)	S_exp/(×10^-20, cm²)		S_cal/(×10^-20, cm²)	S_exp/(×10^-20, cm²)		S_cal/(×10^-20, cm²)
⁴M_17/2+⁶P_3/2+⁴G_9/2+⁴I_9/2	327	1.89	0.447		0.298	0.460		0.320	0.526		0.323	0.498		0.327	0.467		0.341
⁶P_7/2+⁴I_11/2	353	1.88	0.905		0.723	1.128		0.850	1.371		1.182	1.719		1.454	1.648		1.403
⁶P_5/2+⁴M_19/2	367	1.87	0.733		0.474	0.806		0.511	0.907		0.525	0.898		0.540	0.918		0.560
⁴K_17/2+⁴M_21/2+⁴I_13/2+⁴F_7/2	387	1.86	0.651		0.729	0.723		0.793	0.801		0.854	0.851		0.908	0.873		0.925
⁴I_15/2	451	1.85	0.257		0.178	0.253		0.191	0.187		0.191	0.213		0.192	0.227		0.199
⁶F_3/2	755	1.82	0.217		0.158	0.189		0.170	0.202		0.171	0.225		0.173	0.205		0.181
⁶F_5/2	804	1.82	1.083		0.909	1.140		0.975	1.266		0.983	1.252		0.996	1.228		1.039
⁶F_7/2	908	1.82	2.07		2.057	2.361		2.226	2.243		2.328	2.462		2.426	2.565		2.502
⁶H_7/2+⁶F_9/2	1088	1.81	2.577		2.741	2.74		3.022	3.249		3.403	3.480		3.731	3.528		3.767
RMS/(×10^-20, cm²)				0.180			0.230			0.237			0.246			0.226
Ω_t₍_t_{=2, 4, 6)}/(×10^-20, cm²)				Ω₂=0.793Ω₄=1.284Ω₆=2.634			Ω₂=0.747Ω₄=1.520Ω₆=2.825			Ω₂=0.498Ω₄=2.155Ω₆=2.848			Ω₂=0.312Ω₄=2.674Ω₆=2.887			Ω₂=0.142Ω₄=2.573Ω₆=3.011

Table 2.

Experimental line strength, calculated line strength, and J-O intensity parameters of Dy: YAG crystals

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⁴F_9/2→^2S+1L_J	0.5%Dy: YAG		1.0%Dy: YAG		2.0%Dy: YAG		3.0%Dy: YAG		4.0%Dy: YAG
⁴F_9/2→^2S+1L_J	A/s^-1	β/%	A/s^-1	β/%	A/s^-1	β/%	A/s^-1	β/%	A/s^-1	β/%
⁶F_1/2	0.08	0.01	0.10	0.01	0.14	0.01	0.17	0.02	0.16	0.02
⁶F_3/2	0.15	0.02	0.16	0.02	0.16	0.02	0.16	0.02	0.17	0.02
⁶F_5/2	1.82	0.20	1.81	0.19	1.54	0.15	1.34	0.13	1.05	0.10
⁶F_7/2	13.63	1.49	14.26	1.46	7.29	1.53	8.21	1.58	8.18	1.57
⁶H_5/2	4.02	0.44	4.58	0.47	5.78	0.58	6.78	0.66	6.67	0.65
⁶H_7/2+⁶F_9/2	54.73	5.96	59.10	6.04	49.39	6.71	56.13	7.19	55.44	7.10
⁶H_9/2	17.78	1.94	18.84	1.93	15.42	1.98	16.34	2.02	16.13	1.99
⁶H_11/2	43.30	4.72	44.21	4.52	25.93	4.26	24.99	4.06	23.05	3.85
⁶H_13/2	456.91	49.79	483.85	49.46	482.81	48.22	486.21	47.34	479.08	46.58
⁶H_15/2	325.23	35.44	351.44	35.92	365.79	36.54	379.80	36.98	392.16	38.13
τ_r/ms	1.090		1.022		0.999		0.974		0.972

Table 3.

Spontaneous emission transition rate (A) and fluorescence branching ratio (β) of Dy: YAG crystals

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Crystal	τ_r(⁴F_9/2level)/ms	τ(⁴F_9/2level)/ms	σ_emfor yellow emission/(×10^-21, cm²)	σ_emτ/(×10^-21, cm²∙ms)	η/%	Ref.
0.5%Dy: YAG	1.090	0.894	2.36	2.110	82.02	This work
1.0%Dy: YAG	1.022	0.823	2.71	2.230	80.53
2.0%Dy: YAG	0.999	0.688	2.66	1.830	68.87
3.0%Dy: YAG	0.974	0.571	2.54	1.450	58.62
4.0%Dy: YAG	0.972	0.471	2.49	1.170	48.46
1.0%Dy³⁺: Gd₃Ga₃Al₂O₁₂	0.596	0.573	3.20	1.834	96.14	[13]
3.0%Dy³⁺: Lu₂O₃	0.756	0.112	7.10	7.952	14.80	[14]
2.0%Dy³⁺: CeF₃	3.747	1.530	9.259	0.1417	40.83	[17]
1.0%Dy³⁺: GdScO₃	0.650	0.459	4.10	1.882	70.60	[34]
2.0%Dy³⁺: Gd₃Ga₅O₁₂	1.107	0.790	2.62	2.070	71.40	[35]
2.0%Dy³⁺: LaF₃	1.700	1.370	7.00	9.590	80.59	[36]