• High Power Laser Science and Engineering
  • Vol. 11, Issue 3, 03000e33 (2023)
Zhen Wang and Chao Feng*
Author Affiliations
  • Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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    DOI: 10.1017/hpl.2023.15 Cite this Article Set citation alerts
    Zhen Wang, Chao Feng. Optical beat notes assisted attosecond soft X-ray pulse generation in high-gain free electron lasers[J]. High Power Laser Science and Engineering, 2023, 11(3): 03000e33 Copy Citation Text show less

    Abstract

    Attosecond soft X-ray pulses are of great importance for the study of ultrafast electronic phenomena. In this paper, a feasible method is proposed to generate isolated fully coherent attosecond soft X-ray free electron laser via optical frequency beating. Two optical lasers with the opposite frequency chirps are used to induce a gradient frequency energy modulation, which helps to generate a gradually varied spacing electron pulse train. Subsequently, the undulator sections with electron beam delay lines are used to amplify the target ultra-short radiation. Numerical start-to-end simulations have been performed and the results demonstrate that an isolated soft X-ray pulse with the peak power of 330 GW and pulse duration of 620 as can be achieved by the proposed technique.
    $$\begin{align}{s}^{\prime}=s+{R}_{56}{p}^{\prime },\end{align}$$ ((1))

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    $$\begin{align}{p}^{\prime}=p+{p}_0\sin \left(\omega t+{\phi}_0\right),\end{align}$$ ((2))

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    $$\begin{align}\rho =\frac{\lambda }{2\pi {p}_0},\end{align}$$ ((3))

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    $$\begin{align}{s}^{\prime}=s+{R}_{56}{p}^{\prime },\end{align}$$ ((4))

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    $$\begin{align}{p}^{\prime}=p+{p}_1\sin {\omega}_1t+{p}_2\sin \left({\omega}_2t+\Delta \phi \right),\end{align}$$ ((5))

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    $$\begin{align}{p}^{\prime}=p+2{p}_0\sin \left(\frac{\omega_1+{\omega}_2}{2}t\right)\cos \left(\frac{\omega_1-{\omega}_2}{2}t\right).\end{align}$$ ((6))

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    $$\begin{align}\phi \left(\omega \right)=\sum \limits_{m=0}^{\infty}\frac{{\left(\omega -{\omega}_0\right)}^m}{m!}{\phi}_{{m}},\end{align}$$ ((7))

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    $$\begin{align}{p}^{\prime}=p+{p}_1\sin \left({\omega}_1t+{\alpha}_1{t}^2+{\phi}_1\right)+{p}_2\sin \left({\omega}_2t+{\alpha}_2{t}^2+{\phi}_2\right),\end{align}$$ ((8))

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    $$\begin{align}{p}^{\prime}&=p+{p}_0\sin \left({\omega}_0t+\alpha {t}^2\right)+{p}_0\sin \left({\omega}_0t-\alpha {t}^2\right)\nonumber\\ &=p+2{p}_0\sin ({\omega}_0t)\cos (\alpha {t}^2).\end{align}$$ ((9))

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    $$\begin{align}Ez\approx -\frac{Z_0{I}^{\prime }(s)}{4\pi {\overline{\gamma}}_z^2}\left(2\ln \frac{{\overline{\gamma}}_z{\sigma}_z}{r_{\mathrm{b}}}+1-\frac{r^2}{r_{\mathrm{b}}^2}\right),\end{align}$$ ((10))

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    Zhen Wang, Chao Feng. Optical beat notes assisted attosecond soft X-ray pulse generation in high-gain free electron lasers[J]. High Power Laser Science and Engineering, 2023, 11(3): 03000e33
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