The actual deflection efficiency of the liquid crystal optical phased array is far below the theoretical level. In order to solve this problem, the bat algorithm is compared with the particle swarm algorithm from two aspects of the number of iterations and the diffraction efficiency, respectively. The simulation results show that, as for the bat algorithm, its optimization effect is fine, and its iteration speed is larger than that of the particle swarm algorithm. The bat algorithm possesses a good application prospect in the beam optimization of phased array.