Starting from the two special solutions of the paraxial equation of the combined electromagnetic concentric spherical system, the paraxial longitudinal and lateral aberrations of the combined electromagnetic concentric spherical system have been explored by expanding the representation of the image rotation angle at the ideal imaging position. The main contribution of this paper is to obtain the analytical expression of the two special solutions of paraxial equation at ideal image plane, and it has proved that the paraxial spherical-chromatic aberration of second order that determines the limited spatial resolution of imaging can still be characterized in terms of the Recknagel-Artimovich formula. Expressions of the paraxial lateral aberration composed of paraxial spherical-chromatic aberration, paraxial magnification chromatic aberration, and paraxial anisotropic chromatic aberration have been deduced.