The test quality of optical force accelerometer is isolated from the external environment, and the optical detection accuracy is excellent. It can detect ultrasensitive acceleration and is widely used in different navigation systems, ultraprecision microgravity detection, entertainment, and other fields. The optical accelerometer system comprises four modules: a loading module, an optical trapping module, a displacement detection module, and a cooling feedback module. From a practical standpoint, the existing technical methods of each module are combed and summarized in this research. The optical accelerometer will be developed in the future for simplifying and compacting each module, and its acceleration detection accuracy and reliability will be continuously improved during this process.