Ting Zeng1,2,3,†, Qi Shen1,2,3,†, Yuan Cao1,2,3,*, Jian-Yu Guan1,2,3..., Meng-Zhe Lian1,2,3, Jin-Jian Han1,2,3, Lei Hou1,2,3, Jian Lu1,2,3, Xin-Xin Peng1,2,3, Min Li1,2,3, Wei-Yue Liu4, Jin-Cai Wu5, Yong Wang6, Juan Yin1,2,3, Ji-Gang Ren1,2,3, Hai-Feng Jiang1,2,3, Qiang Zhang1,2,3, Cheng-Zhi Peng1,2,3,7 and Jian-Wei Pan1,2,3,8|Show fewer author(s)
Author Affiliations
1Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China2Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Science and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China3Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230094, China4Faculty of Information Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China5Key Laboratory of Space Active Opto-Electronic Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China6Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China7e-mail: pcz@ustc.edu.cn8e-mail: pan@ustc.edu.cnshow less
DOI: 10.1364/PRJ.511141
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Ting Zeng, Qi Shen, Yuan Cao, Jian-Yu Guan, Meng-Zhe Lian, Jin-Jian Han, Lei Hou, Jian Lu, Xin-Xin Peng, Min Li, Wei-Yue Liu, Jin-Cai Wu, Yong Wang, Juan Yin, Ji-Gang Ren, Hai-Feng Jiang, Qiang Zhang, Cheng-Zhi Peng, Jian-Wei Pan, "Measurement of atmospheric non-reciprocity effects for satellite-based two-way time-frequency transfer," Photonics Res. 12, 1274 (2024)
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Abstract
Future optical clock networks will require high-precision optical time-frequency transfer between satellites and ground stations. However, due to atmospheric turbulence, satellite motion and time delay between the satellite–ground transmission links will cause spatial and temporal variations, respectively, resulting in the breakdown of the time-of-flight reciprocity on which optical two-way time-frequency transfer is based. Here, we experimentally simulate the atmospheric effects by two-way spatio-temporally separated links between two stationary terminals located 113 km apart and measure the effects for optical two-way time-frequency transfer. Our experiment shows that the effect on the link instability is less than at 10,000 s. This indicates that when the link instability of satellite–ground optical time-frequency transfer is on the order of , it is not necessary to consider the atmospheric non-reciprocity effects.
