Author Affiliations
1Key Laboratory of Advanced Forging and Forming Technology and Science Ministry of Education, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao , Hebei 066004, China2State Key Laboratory of Preparation Technology and Science of Metastable Materials, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao , Hebei 066004, Chinashow less
Fig. 1. Powder morphologies. (a) H13; (b) Ni/WC; (c) H13/Ni/WC
Fig. 2. Laser rapid cladding system
Fig. 3. Appearances of cladding layer. (a) Surface macromorphology; (b) cross-section morphology
Fig. 4. Microstructures of cross-section of cladding layer. (a) Low magnification; (b) high magnification
Fig. 5. SEM morphology of cross-section of cladding layer and elemental line-scanning. (a) SEM morphology; (b) elemental line-scanning
Fig. 6. Microhardness distribution on the cross-section of cladding layer
Fig. 7. Hardness curves of matrix and cladding layer at different temperatures
Fig. 8. Surface morphologies of matrix and cladding layer after 10 thermal fatigue tests. (a) H13 matrix; (b) cladding layer
Fig. 9. Surface morphologies of matrix and cladding layer after 25 thermal fatigue tests. (a) H13 matrix; (b) cladding layer
Fig. 10. Wear surface morphologies of cladding layer at different temperatures. (a) 350℃; (b) 450℃; (c) 550 ℃
Fig. 11. Comparison of wear depth between matrix and cladding layer
Element | Mass fraction/% |
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C | 0.35 | Si | 1.1 | Mn | 0.35 | Cr | 5 | Mo | 1.5 | V | 1 | O | 0.027 | Fe | Bal. |
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Table 1.
Chemical composition of H13 powder Component | Mass fraction/% |
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Ni | 10 | WC | 90 | Impurity | ≤0.1 |
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Table 2.
Chemical composition of Ni/W powder Layer | Mass fraction/% |
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Ni/WC | H13 |
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First floor(No.1) | 15 | 85 | Second floor(No.2) | 30 | 70 |
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Table 3.
Powder ratio of gradient cladding layer Layer | Powder | Laser power/kW | Preset powder thickness/mm | Scanning speed/(mm·s-1) | Defocus quantity/mm | Laser scanning interval/mm |
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No.1 | 85%H13+15%Ni/WC | 1.4 | 0.6 | 7 | 30 | 1 | No.2 | 70%H13+30%Ni/WC | 1.5 | 0.8 |
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Table 4.
H13/Ni/WC gradient cladding layer laser cladding process parameters Level | Load/N | Temperature/℃ | Number of revolution |
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1 | 320 | 350 | 7200 | 2 | 480 | 450 | 7200 | 3 | 640 | 550 | 7200 |
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Table 5.
Factor level table of friction and wear test of matrix and cladding layer