Author Affiliations
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, Shaanxi , Chinashow less
Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of laser welding
Fig. 2. Macro morphology of welded joints under different beam offsets. (a) 0 mm; (b) 0.2 mm;(c)0.4 mm;(d)-0.2 mm;(e)-0.4 mm
Fig. 3. Schematic diagrams of formation mechanism of weld morphology. (a) Metal evaporation force; (b) Marangoni convection
Fig. 4. Microstructure of the copper fusion zone under different beam offsets. (a) 0 mm; (b) 0.2 mm;(c)0.4 mm;(d)-0.2 mm;(e)-0.4 mm
Fig. 5. Microstructure of the weld center under different beam offsets. (a) 0 mm; (b) 0.2 mm; (c) 0.4 mm; (d) -0.2 mm; (e) -0.4 mm
Fig. 6. Tensile test results of welded joints. (a) Stress-strain curve; (b) stress-elongation histogram
Fig. 7. Fracture morphology of welded joints under different beam offsets. (a) 0 mm; (b) 0.2 mm; (c) 0.4 mm; (d) -0.2 mm; (e) -0.4 mm
Fig. 8. Results of microhardness test
Fig. 9. Distribution of microhardness
Material | Mass fraction /% |
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Cu | C | Cr | Ni | Mn | Fe | Si |
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T2-Y | ≥99.95 | - | - | - | - | ≤0.005 | - | SUS304 | - | ≤0.08 | 18-20 | 8.0-10.5 | ≤2.00 | Bal. | ≤1.00 |
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Table 1. Chemical composition of T2-Y and SUS304
Material | Tensile strength /MPa | Yield strength /MPa | Hardness /HV0.1 |
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T2-Y | 215‒275 | 60‒70 | 60‒90 | SUS304 | ≥520 | 205 | 210 |
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Table 2. Mechanical properties of T2-Y and SUS304
Sample No. | Laser power P /kW | Welding speed v /(mm·min-1) | Beam offset /mm | Defocus /mm | Gas flow /(L·min-1) |
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1# | 3.7 | 1000 | 0 | -2 | 25 | 2# | 0.20 | 3# | 0.40 | 4# | -0.20 | 5# | -0.40 |
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Table 3. Laser welding parameters
Detection location | Mass fraction /% | Phase composition |
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Fe | Cu | Cr | Ni |
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A | 56.00 | 16.00 | 21.00 | 6.00 | γ-Fe | B | 4.90 | 93.80 | 1.30 | - | Cu | C | 67.39 | 9.70 | 16.08 | 6.83 | Fe | D | 56.75 | 23.77 | 13.71 | 5.77 | α-Fe | E | 10.00 | 85.29 | 2.18 | 2.53 | Cu | F | 60.61 | 15.89 | 17.53 | 5.89 | Fe | G | 51.70 | 30.89 | 11.54 | 5.86 | Fe | H | 8.00 | 86.89 | 3.58 | 1.53 | Cu |
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Table 4. EDS test results of weld
Detection location | Mass fraction /% | Phase composition |
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Fe | Cu | O |
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I | 5.03 | 66.82 | 28.15 | Cu2O | J | 13.58 | 57.55 | 28.87 | Cu2O | K | 5.79 | 68.57 | 25.64 | Cu2O | L | 11.49 | 58.28 | 30.23 | Cu2O |
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Table 5. EDS test results of stretch fracture