[1] Krishnamoorthy A V, Goossen K W. Optoelectronic-VLSI: photonics integrated with VLSI circuits［J］. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 1998, 4(6): 899-903.
[2] Dai D X, Bauters J, Bowers J E. Passive technologies for future large-scale photonic integrated circuits on silicon: polarization handling, light non-reciprocity, and loss reduction［J］. Light: Science and Application, 2012, 1(81): 1-14.
[3] Shacham A, Bergman K, Carloni L P. Photonic networks-on-chip for future generations of chip multiprocessors［J］. IEEE Transaction on Computers, 2008, 57(9): 1246-1260.
[4] Nicholes S C, Masanovic M L, Jevremovic B, et al. An 8×8 InP monolithic tunable optical router (MOTOR) packet forwarding chip［J］. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2010, 28(4): 641-650.
[6] Bogaerts W, Dumon P, Thourhout D V, et al. Compact wavelength-selective functions in silicon-on-insulator photonic wires［J］. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 2006, 12(6): 1394-1401.
[7] Sasaki K, Ohno F, Motegi A, et al. Arrayed waveguide grating of 70×60 μm2 size based on Si photonic wire waveguides［J］. Electronics Letters, 2005, 41(14): 801-802.
[8] Dai D X, Liu L, Wosinski L, et al. Design and fabrication of ultra-small overlapped AWG demultiplexer based on alpha-SOI nanowire waveguides［J］. Electronics Letters, 2006, 42(7): 400-402.
[9] Bogaerts W, Selvaraja S K, Dumon P, et al. Silicon-on-insulator spectral filters fabricated with CMOS technology［J］. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 2010, 16(1): 33-44.
[10] Fukuda H, Yamada K, Tsuchizawa T, et al. Silicon photonic circuit with polarization diversity［J］. Optics Express, 2008, 16(7): 4872-4880.
[11] Shani Y, Henry C, Kistler R, et al. Efficient coupling of a semiconductor laser to an optical fiber by means of a tapered waveguide on silicon［J］. Applied Physics Letters, 1989, 55(23): 2389-2391.
[12] Kasaya K, Mitomi O, Naganuma M, et al. A simple laterally tapered waveguide for low-loss coupling to single-mode fibers［J］. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 1993, 5(3): 345-347.
[13] Schwander T, Fischer S, Kramer A, et al. Simple and low-loss fiber-to-chip coupling by integrated field-matching waveguide in InP［J］. Electronics Letters, 1993, 29(4): 326-328.
[14] Yang L, Dai D X, Yang B, et al. Characteristic analysis of tapered lens fibers for light focusing and butt-coupling to a Si rib waveguide［J］. Applied Optics, 2009, 48(4): 672-678.
[15] Dai D X, He S L, Tsang H K. Bilevel mode converter between a silicon nanowire waveguide and a larger waveguide［J］. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2006, 24(6): 2428-2433.
[16] Barkai A, Liu A S, Kim D, et al. Double-stage taper for coupling between SOI waveguides and single-mode fiber［J］. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2008, 26(24): 3860-3865.
[17] Soltani M, Yegnanarayanan S, Adibi A. Ultra-high Q planar silicon microdisk resonators for chip-scale silicon photonics［J］. Optics Express, 2007, 15(8): 4694-4704.
[18] Li C, Zhou L J, Poon A W. Silicon microring carrier-injection-based modulators/switches with tunable extinction ratios and OR-logic switching by using waveguide cross-coupling［J］. Optics Express, 2007, 15(8): 5069-5076.
[19] Rong H S, Jones R, Liu A S, et al. A continuous-wave Raman silicon laser［J］. Nature, 2005, 433(7027): 725-728.
[20] Xu Q F, Schmidt B, Pradhan S, et al. Micrometre-scale silicon electro-optic modulator［J］. Nature, 2005, 435(7040): 325-327.
[21] Barrios C A, Almeida V R, Panepucci R, et al. Electrooptic modulation of silicon-on-insulator submicrometer-size waveguide devices［J］. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2003, 21(10): 2332-2339.
[22] Tang Y B, Chen H W, Jain S, et al. 50 Gb/s hybrid silicon traveling-wave electroabsorption modulator［J］. Optics Express, 2011, 19(7): 5811-5816.
[23] Vermeulen D, Selvaraja S, De Cort W A, et al. Efficient tapering to the fundamental Quasi-TM mode in asymmetrical waveguides［C］.15th European Conference on Integrated Optics, 2010.
[24] Dai D X, Bowers J E. Novel concept for ultracompact polarization splitter-rotator based on silicon nanowires［J］. Optics Express, 2011, 19(11): 10940-10949.
[25] Shani Y, Henry C H, Kistler R C, et al. Integrated optic adiabatic devices on silicon［J］. IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, 1991, 27(3): 556-566.
[26] Fan R S, Hooker R B. Tapered polymer single-mode waveguides for mode transformation［J］. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 1999, 17(3): 466-474.
[27] Worhoff K, Lambeck P V, Driessen A. Design, tolerance analysis, and fabrication of silicon oxynitride based planar optical waveguides for communication devices［J］. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 1999, 17(8): 1401-1407.
[28] Sewell P, Benson T M, Kendall P C. Rib waveguide spot-size transformers: modal properties［J］. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 1999, 17(5): 848-856.
[29] Liu L, Ding Y H, Yvind K, et al. Silicon-on-insulator polarization splitting and rotating device for polarization diversity circuits［J］. Optics Express, 2011, 19(13): 12646-12651.
[30] Dai D X, Wang Z, Julian N, et al. Compact broadband polarizer based on shallowly-etched silicon-on-insulator ridge optical waveguides［J］. Optics Express, 2010, 18(26): 27404-27415.
[31] Tummidi R S, Nguyen T G, Mitchell A, et al. An ultra-compact waveguide polarizer based on anti-magic widths［C］. 8th IEEE International Conference on Group IV Photonics (GFP): 2011: 104 -106.
[32] Dai D X, He J J, He S L. Elimination of multimode effects in a silicon-on-insulator etched diffraction grating demultiplexer with bi-level taper structure［J］. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 2005, 11(2): 439-443.
[33] Schmid J H, Lamontagne B, Cheben P, et al. Mode converters for coupling to high aspect ratio silicon-on-insulator channel waveguides［J］. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2007, 19(11): 855-857.
[34] Dai D X, Tang Y B, Bowers J E. Mode conversion in tapered submicron silicon ridge optical waveguides［J］. Optics Express, 2012, 20(12): 13425-13439.
[35] Wagner R E, Cheng J. Electrically controlled optical switch for multimode fiber applications［J］. Applied Optics, 1980, 19(17): 2921-2925.
[36] Schmidt R V, Alferness R C. Directional coupler switches, modulators and filters using alternating Δβ techniques［J］. IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems, 1979, 26(12): 1099-1108.
[37] Kogelnik H, Schmidt R V. Switched directional couplers with alternating Δβ［J］. IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, 1976, 12(7): 396-401.
[38] Dai D X, Liu L, Gao S M, et al. Polarization management for silicon photonic integrated circuits［J］. Laser & Photonics Reviews, 2013, 7(3): 303-328.
[39] Augustin L M, van der Tol J J G M, Hanfoug R, et al. A single etch-step fabrication-tolerant polarization splitter［J］. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2007, 25(3): 740-746.
[40] Dai D X. Silicon polarization beam splitter based on an asymmetrical evanescent coupling system with three optical waveguides［J］. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2012, 30(20): 3281-3287.
[41] Dai D X, Bowers J E. Novel ultra-short and ultra-broadband polarization beam splitter based on a bent directional coupler［J］. Optics Express, 2011, 19(19): 18614-18620.
[42] Wang J, Liang D, Tang Y B, et al. Realization of an ultra-short silicon polarization beam splitter with an asymmetrical bent directional coupler［J］. Optics Letters, 2013, 38(1): 4-6.
[43] Komatsu M, Saitoh K, Koshiba M. Design of miniaturized silicon wire and slot waveguide polarization splitter based on a resonant tunneling［J］. Optics Express, 2009, 17(21): 19225-19233.
[44] Dai D X, Wang Z, Bowers J E. Ultra-short broad-band polarization beam splitter based on an asymmetrical directional coupler［J］. Optics Letters, 2011, 36(13): 2590-2592.
[45] Lin S Y, Hu J J, Crozier K B. Ultracompact, broadband slot waveguide polarization splitter［J］. Applied Physics Letters, 2011, 98(15): 151101.
[46] Lou F, Dai D X, Wosinski L. Ultracompact polarization beam splitter based on a dielectric-hybrid plasmonic-dielectric coupler［J］. Optics Letters, 2012, 37(16): 3372-3374.
[47] Dai D X, He S L. A silicon-based hybrid plasmonic waveguide with a metal cap for a nano-scale light confinement［J］. Optics Express, 2009, 17(19): 16646-16653.
[48] Chee J, Zhu S Y, Lo G Q. CMOS compatible polarization splitter using hybrid plasmonic waveguide［J］. Optics Express, 2012, 20(23): 25345-25355.
[49] Guan X W, Wu H, Shi Y C, et al. Ultra-compact and broadband polarization beam splitter utilizing the evanescent coupling between a hybrid plasmonic waveguide and a silicon nanowire［J］. Optics Letters, 2013, 38(16): 3005-3008.
[50] Almeida V R, Xu Q, Barrios C A, et al. Guiding and confining light in void nanostructure［J］. Optics Letters, 2004, 29(11): 1209-1211.
[51] Song Y, Wang J, Li Q, et al. Broadband coupler between silicon waveguide and hybrid plasmonic waveguide［J］. Optics Express, 2010, 18(12): 13173-13179.
[52] Dai D X. Silicon mode-(de) multiplexer for a hybrid multiplexing system to achieve ultrahigh capacity photonic networks-on-chip with a single-wavelength-carrier light［C］. Asia Communications and Photonics Conference, 2012: ATh3B.3.
[53] Sorin W, Kim B, Shaw H. Highly selective evanescent modal filter for two-mode optical fibers［J］. Optics Letters, 1986, 11(9): 581-583.
[54] Li A, Chen X, Al Amin A, et al. Fused fiber mode couplers for few-mode transmission［J］. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2012, 24(21): 1953-1956.
[55] Wohlfeil B, Stamatiadis C, Zimmermann L, et al. Compact fiber grating coupler on SOI for coupling of higher order fiber modes［C］. Optical Fiber Communication Conference/National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference, 2013: OTh1B. 2.
[56] Ding Y H, Ou H Y, Xu J, et al. Silicon photonic integrated circuit mode multiplexer［J］. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2013 25(7): 648-651.
[57] Koonen A M J, Chen H S, Boom H P, et al. Silicon photonic integrated mode multiplexer and demultiplexer［J］. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2012, 24(21): 1961-1964.
[59] Hanzawa N, Saitoh K, Sakamoto T, et al. Two-mode PLC-based mode multi/demultiplexer for mode and wavelength division mul-tiplexed transmission［J］. Optics Express, 2013, 21(22): 25752-25760.
[60] Huang Y Y, Xu G Y, Ho S T. An ultracompact optical mode order converter［J］. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2006, 18(21): 2281-2283.
[61] Uematsu T, Ishizaka Y, Kawaguchi Y, et al. Design of a compact two-mode multi/demultiplexer consisting of multi-mode interference waveguides and a wavelength insensitive phase shifter for mode-division multiplexing transmission［J］. Journal of Lightwave Technology. 2012, 30(15): 2421-2426.
[62] Greenberg M, Orenstein M. Multimode add-drop multiplexing by adiabatic linearly tapered coupling［J］. Optics Express, 2005, 13(23): 9381-9387.
[63] Greenberg M, Orenstein M. Mode add drop for optical interconnects based on adiabatic high order mode couplers［C］. Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference, 2005, 2: 942-944.
[64] Xing J J, Li Z Y, Xiao X, et al. Two-mode multiplexer and demultiplexer based on adiabatic couplers［J］. Optics Letters, 2013, 38(17): 3468-3470.
[65] Love J D, Vance RW C, Joblin A. Asymmetric, adiabatic multipronged planar splitters［J］. Optical and Quantum Electronics, 1996, 28(4): 353-369.
[66] Lee B, Shin S. Mode-order converter in a multimode waveguide［J］. Optics Letters, 2003, 28(18): 1660-1662.
[67] Low A L Y, Yong Y S, You A H, et al. A five-order mode converter for multimode waveguide［J］. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2004, 16(7): 1673-1675.
[68] Riesen N, Love J D. Spatial mode-division-multiplexing of few-mode fiber［C］. European Conference and Exhibition on Optical Communication, 2012: P2. 14.
[69] Nicolas R, Love J D. Design of mode-sorting asymmetric Y-junctions［J］. Applied Optics, 2012, 51(15): 2778-2783.
[70] Driscoll J, Grote R, Souhan B, et al. Asymmetric Y junctions in silicon waveguides for on-chip mode-division multiplexing［J］. Optics Letters, 2013, 38(11): 1854-1856.
[71] Chen W W, Wang P J, Yang J Y. Mode multi/demultiplexer based on cascaded asymmetric Y-junctions［J］. Optics Express, 2013, 21(21): 25113-25119.
[72] Fu Peidong, Chen Heming. Design and performance analysis of three-mode division multi/demultiplexer based on two-dimensional photonic crystals［J］. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2017, 54(2): 020602.
[73] Bagheri S, Green W M J. Silicon-on-insulator mode-selective add-drop unit for on-chip mode-division multiplexing［C］. The 6th IEEE International Conference on Group IV Photonics, 2009: 166-168.
[74] Dai D X, Wang J, Shi Y C. Silicon mode (de) multiplexer enabling high capacity photonic networks-on-chip with a single-wavelength-carrier light［J］. Optics Letters, 2013, 38(9): 1422-1424.
[75] Qiu H Y, Yu H, Hu T, et al. Silicon mode multi/demultiplexer based on multimode grating-assisted couplers［J］. Optics Express, 2013, 21(15): 17904-17911.
[76] Luo L, Ophir N, Chen C, et al. Simultaneous mode and wavelength division multiplexing on-chip［J］. Physics, 2013: arXiv: 1306. 2378.
[77] Ding Y H, Xu J, Ros F D, et al. On-chip two-mode division multiplexing using tapered directional coupler-based mode multiplexer and demultiplexer［J］. Optics Express, 2013, 21(8): 10376-10382.
[78] Wang J, He S L, Dai D X. On-chip silicon 8-channel hybrid (de) multiplexer enabling simultaneous mode- and polarization-division-multiplexing［J］. Laser & Photonics Reviews, 2014, 8(2): L18-L22.
