Because of the advantage of wide measurement range, high measurement accuracy and high efficiency, the close-range photogrammetry plays more and more important role in large-size accurate measurement tasks. The self-calibration measurement model optimized via bundle adjustment is considered to be the most reliable technique to high-accuracy close-range photogrammetry. As more and more off-the-shelf single lens reflex (SLR) cameras are adopted to three-dimensional measurement applications, the measurement results are not ideal compared with that of professional cameras. After being analyzed carefully, the self-calibration parameterized model has some limitations to the improvement of measurement accuracy in addition to the issues inherent in the qualities of cameras. In order to solve the problem, the close-range photogrammetry without relying on camera internal parameters is studied. The nonparameteric calibration method is proposed, which is suitable to the calibration of large-field cameras. The nonparameteric measurement model based on orientation information is established after the image points is matched and the initial value are determined. The three-dimensional coordinates of target points can be solved accurately via the optimization of bundle adjustment. Compared with measurement results of traditional photogrammetry, it is proved that our method is effective to improve the three-dimensional measurement accuracy with large-field SLR cameras.