Measurement and calibration of aero-optics effects are necessary for all kinds of optical systems onboard high-speed aircraft, such as detection systems of photoelectric imaging, directed energy systems and optical communication system, etc. Therefore, a method of measurement and reconstruction for wavefront distortion field is presented, which gets the optical path difference (OPD) through measuring deviation displacement field induced by the beam from center of camera to a mark point passing through flow field, and the relationship between the order of Zernike polynomial and reconstruction precision is also investigated. The experiments of a trans-aerosphere vehicle model in 2 m supersonic wind tunnel testing have demonstrated that the proposed method can be used to measure large wavefront distortion field, and structures of wavefront distortion generated by oblique shock waves of the vehicle′s head and wing are correct. The optical devices of this method are simple, and no expensive coherent source is needed. It is a new way to measure and calibrate aero-optics effects.