• Photonics Research
  • Vol. 10, Issue 2, 426 (2022)
Mingfei Ding1, Yiwei Xie1、2、*, Hao Yan1, Abu Naim R. Ahmed3, Reza Safian3, Swapnajit Chakravarty3, Leimeng Zhuang3, Pengcheng Jiao4, Huan Li1, Liu Liu1, and Daoxin Dai1、2
Author Affiliations
  • 1Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, State Key Laboratory for Modern Optical Instrumentation, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Sensing Technologies, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
  • 2Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China
  • 3imec USA, Nanoelectronics Design Center, Inc., Kissimmee, Florida 34744, USA
  • 4Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, China
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    DOI: 10.1364/PRJ.444480 Cite this Article Set citation alerts
    Mingfei Ding, Yiwei Xie, Hao Yan, Abu Naim R. Ahmed, Reza Safian, Swapnajit Chakravarty, Leimeng Zhuang, Pengcheng Jiao, Huan Li, Liu Liu, Daoxin Dai. Silicon nonlinear switch as a conditional circulator for monostatic LiDAR systems[J]. Photonics Research, 2022, 10(2): 426 Copy Citation Text show less
    (a) Schematic of NMZI switch with two arms of different nonlinear effects; relationship between input power from T1 and output power from T3/T4 when the input is (b) high-power and (c) low-power pulses.
    Fig. 1. (a) Schematic of NMZI switch with two arms of different nonlinear effects; relationship between input power from T1 and output power from T3/T4 when the input is (b) high-power and (c) low-power pulses.
    NMZI switch with 1/8 coupler on one arm.
    Fig. 2. NMZI switch with 1/8 coupler on one arm.
    Picture of (a) chip layout and (b) fabricated chip of NMZI switch; (c) component structures of the NMZI switch.
    Fig. 3. Picture of (a) chip layout and (b) fabricated chip of NMZI switch; (c) component structures of the NMZI switch.
    Experimental setup for optical NMZI switch. PC, polarization controller; CW, continuous waveform.
    Fig. 4. Experimental setup for optical NMZI switch. PC, polarization controller; CW, continuous waveform.
    Output power at port T3/T4 of NMZI switch with respect to input signal wavelength (low-power signal input) for different wavelengths.
    Fig. 5. Output power at port T3/T4 of NMZI switch with respect to input signal wavelength (low-power signal input) for different wavelengths.
    Experimental results of the NMZI switch with the input of a pulsed light source: (a) output powers versus input powers at T3 and T4; (b) T3-to-T4 extinction ratio in dB.
    Fig. 6. Experimental results of the NMZI switch with the input of a pulsed light source: (a) output powers versus input powers at T3 and T4; (b) T3-to-T4 extinction ratio in dB.
    Measured waveform and signal spectra obtained from a photodetector: (a) waveform before the chip and chip output port T3; (b) spectra before the chip and chip output port T3.
    Fig. 7. Measured waveform and signal spectra obtained from a photodetector: (a) waveform before the chip and chip output port T3; (b) spectra before the chip and chip output port T3.
    ParameterValue
    Waveguide loss α (dB/cm)2.7
    Fiber-to-chip coupling loss (dB)8
    Effective area Aeff (μm2)0.065
    Arm length L (mm)15.6
    Nonlinear refractive index of Si n2 (m2/W)4.5×1018
    Effective nonlinear coefficient γ of strip silicon photonic waveguide (W−1 m−1)282
    Table 1. Parameters in the NMZI Switch
    Mingfei Ding, Yiwei Xie, Hao Yan, Abu Naim R. Ahmed, Reza Safian, Swapnajit Chakravarty, Leimeng Zhuang, Pengcheng Jiao, Huan Li, Liu Liu, Daoxin Dai. Silicon nonlinear switch as a conditional circulator for monostatic LiDAR systems[J]. Photonics Research, 2022, 10(2): 426
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