Multipolarization Image Evaluation for Passive Terahertz Imaging Detection

Yayun Cheng; Xun Tian; Nannan Wang; Jiaran Qi; Jinghui Qiu

doi:10.3788/LOP231304

Journals >Laser & Optoelectronics Progress >Volume 60 >Issue 18 >Page 1811012 > Article

Laser & Optoelectronics Progress
Vol. 60, Issue 18, 1811012 (2023)

Multipolarization Image Evaluation for Passive Terahertz Imaging Detection

Yayun Cheng, Xun Tian, Nannan Wang^*, Jiaran Qi, and Jinghui Qiu

Author Affiliations

School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang , China

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DOI: 10.3788/LOP231304 Cite this Article Set citation alerts

Yayun Cheng, Xun Tian, Nannan Wang, Jiaran Qi, Jinghui Qiu. Multipolarization Image Evaluation for Passive Terahertz Imaging Detection[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2023, 60(18): 1811012 Copy Citation Text

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Emissivity and brightness temperature properties of typical materials, H and V represent horizontal polarization and vertical polarization, respectively. (a) Emissivity; (b) brightness temperature

Fig. 1. Emissivity and brightness temperature properties of typical materials, H and V represent horizontal polarization and vertical polarization, respectively. (a) Emissivity; (b) brightness temperature

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Fig. 2. Four linear polarization and six polarization parameter images from imaging experiment. (a) 0°; (b) 45°; (c) 90°; (d) -45°; (e) T_I; (f) T_Q; (g) T_U; (h) T_II; (i) DOLP; (j) AOP

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Fig. 3. Four linear polarization and six polarization parameter images from imaging simulation. (a) 0°; (b) 45°; (c) 90°; (d) -45°; (e) T_I; (f) T_Q; (g) T_U; (h) T_II; (i) DOLP; (j) AOP

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Fig. 4. ROC curves of imaging experiment. (a) Metal knife; (b) paper money; (c) wheat flour; (d) metal gun

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Parameter	Value	Parameter	Value
Center frequency /GHz	94	Skin physical temperature /K	307
Polarization mode /（°）	0，45，90，-45	Object physical temperature /K	302
3 dB beamwidth /（°）	0.4	Ambient physical temperature /K	298
Thermal sensitivity /K	0.5	Skin permittivity	7.1‒j3.6
Observation distance /m	3	Ceramic permittivity	5.67‒j0.0085
Pixel size	240×130	Clothing attenuation /dB	0.4

Table 1. Parameter setting of passive terahertz imaging simulation for hidden objects carried by human body

Parameter	T_A0°	T_A45°	T_A90°	T_A_-_45°	T_I	T_Q	T_U	T_II	DOLP	AOP
Entropy	6.887	6.855	6.783	6.808	6.589	6.265	6.186	6.374	6.006	7.992
MG	0.047	0.047	0.046	0.046	0.033	0.068	0.068	0.024	0.064	0.319
Laplacian	0.034	0.033	0.033	0.033	0.017	0.072	0.074	0.008	0.072	1.560
DFT	2823	2768	2721	2756	2156	3442	3436	1727	3201	14491
DCT	9.517	9.439	9.423	9.426	6.786	13.715	13.825	4.8640	13.631	63.038
STD	0.229	0.221	0.226	0.231	0.244	0.053	0.051	0.256	0.056	0.286
BRISQUE	39.328	38.667	37.979	39.191	38.357	43.655	44.794	34.303	44.351	65.803
NIQE	14.838	11.314	14.051	13.312	11.637	20.436	20.887	10.844	21.464	64.810
PIQE	57.268	57.498	57.706	57.479	48.090	70.061	70.750	38.674	68.829	80.672

Table 2. Calculation results of traditional global no-reference evaluation indexes for experimental data

Parameter	T_A0°	T_A45°	T_A90°	T_A_-_45°	T_I	T_Q	T_U	T_II	DOLP	AOP
Entropy	6.441	6.460	6.440	6.477	6.140	6.469	6.440	5.831	6.530	7.993
MG	0.050	0.051	0.050	0.052	0.041	0.079	0.083	0.032	0.089	0.317
Laplacian	0.038	0.039	0.037	0.039	0.024	0.095	0.106	0.015	0.126	1.531
DFT	2312	2311	2225	2329	2093	2620	2668	1944	3019	9416
DCT	8.372	8.481	8.245	8.582	6.885	12.560	13.146	5.646	14.573	49.506
STD	0.221	0.216	0.205	0.220	0.233	0.089	0.083	0.248	0.107	0.285
BRISQUE	40.724	40.478	38.219	39.012	38.977	44.079	44.491	37.320	49.882	65.156
NIQE	17.071	16.206	15.318	16.689	17.026	21.091	21.798	14.084	25.444	79.137
PIQE	58.754	57.491	57.274	59.863	53.744	70.283	72.086	49.964	70.957	80.152

Table 3. Calculation results of traditional global no-reference evaluation indexes for simulation data

Hidden object	T_A0°	T_A45°	T_A90°	T_A_-_45°	T_I	T_Q	T_U	T_II	DOLP	AOP
Metal knife	2.907	3.585	3.216	3.002	3.627	-4.234	-2.373	4.136	-1.036	-16.407
Paper money	5.278	5.168	4.213	5.439	5.747	-2.341	-8.753	6.319	-5.187	-11.024
Wheat flour	3.815	3.503	1.942	3.003	3.278	-3.379	-5.857	3.640	-6.620	-7.590
Metal gun	3.689	3.323	2.414	3.226	3.975	-5.121	-7.222	4.411	-12.528	-10.507

Table 4. Assessment results of DSNR of four hidden objects from imaging experiment

Object	T_A0°	T_A45°	T_A90°	T_A_-_45°	T_I	T_II
Metal knife	2.54	3.39	3.31	2.43	3.85	4.28
Paper money	3.85	2.80	2.63	3.39	3.78	4.02
Wheat flour	3.33	2.41	3.22	3.15	3.72	4.33
Metal gun	2.91	2.67	2.39	3.69	3.46	4.09

Table 5. Observer subjective local evaluation results of experimental data

Object	T_A0°	T_A45°	T_A90°	T_A_-_45°	T_I	T_II
Ceramic rod	2.17	3.89	2.85	3.02	3.15	4.44
Wood knife	2.83	2.80	2.37	3.26	4.17	4.28
Stone knife	3.20	2.81	2.09	3.24	3.94	4.35
Ceramic gun	3.41	3.41	2.7	3.57	4.06	4.37
Cigarette lighter	3.26	2.37	2.87	2.91	4.26	4.22

Table 6. Observer subjective local evaluation results of simulation data

Yayun Cheng, Xun Tian, Nannan Wang, Jiaran Qi, Jinghui Qiu. Multipolarization Image Evaluation for Passive Terahertz Imaging Detection[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2023, 60(18): 1811012

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