Due to the public safety was always threatened by the safety problems such as leakage of hazardous chemicals and explosions in public places, it was urgent to develop a portable, rapid and accurate detection device for on-site detection of hazardous chemicals. Although the existing detection devices were able to identify the samples, because of the large volume and the demand of pretreatment, they cannot be applied in on-site quick inspection. Therefore, the fusion the Raman system and smart phone were integrated to make it more convenient and easy to fast recognition hazardous chemicals on- site. The instrument adopts big aperture lens (F/2.0) replaced the concave reflector (F/4.0) in traditional reflectance spectromete and the optical collection efficiency has increased by nearly 4 times. At the same time, the volume phase holographic transmission grating (VPG) and slit coupling technology were adopted to improve the sensitivity of the system. There were ten kinds of flammable and explosive dangerous chemical samples tested by this Raman spectroscopy system, which help to realize the on-site inspection and has the advantages of rapidity, accuracy and non-destructibility. The matching coefficient between the ten dangerous chemicals and the database can reach more than 95%. It was of great significance to the future security application.