To obtain high performance needled C/C composites, a series of needled non-woven carbon fiber felt with different characteristics was prepared. The needled C/C composites were prepared by means of high-pressure impregnation-carbonization, and their microstructure features, mechanical properties and thermo-physical properties of needled C/C composites were characterized. The investigation results show that the types of preform structure have obvious effects on the mechanical and thermo-physical properties of the C/C composites. When the preform is produced with key characteristics of needling depth at 12 mm, needling density at 22 pin/cm ² and fiber web/weft less ply at 1.0:4.8, the needle C/C composites shows excellent comprehensive performance, with tensile strength, compression strength, flexural strength, in-plane shear strength, and interlaminar shear strength of 207, 228, 285, 54 and 28 MPa, respectively.