Author Affiliations
1 Key Laboratory of Optical Calibration and Characterization, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China2 University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, Chinashow less
Fig. 1. Distributions of atmospheric scattered radiation under different weather conditions in hemisphere. (a) XVIS=23 km; (b) XVIS=15 km; (c) XVIS=5 km; (d) cloudy
Fig. 2. Distribution of BRF calculated by Roujean
Fig. 3. Distributions of simulated BRF under different weather conditions. (a) XVIS=23 km; (b) XVIS=15 km; (c) XVIS=5 km; (d) cloudy
Fig. 4. Simulated BRF in solar principal plane
Fig. 5. Distributions of measured atmospheric scattered radiation. (a) Cloudy; (b) sunny
Fig. 6. Distributions of measured BRF. (a) Cloudy; (b) sunny
Fig. 7. Comparison betweenactual measured BRF at night and BRF calculated by different parameters
Weather condition | XVIS /km | Solar irradiation /(W·cm-2) |
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Sunny | 23 | 3.856×10-2 | Sunny | 15 | 2.727×10-2 | Sunny | 5 | 1.934×10-2 | Cloudy | | 0 |
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Table 1. Solar irradiation simulated by MODTRAN
Weather condition | XVIS /km | Variance |
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Theoretical condition | | 14.170 | Sunny | 23 | 12.665 | Sunny | 15 | 10.266 | Sunny | 5 | 4.470 | Cloudy | | 1.685 |
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Table 2. Magnitude of directional reflectance characteristic of the BRF results
Weather condition | XVIS/km | Classical method | Proposed method |
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k0 | k1 | k2 | | k0 | k1 | k2 |
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Sunny | 23 | 8.608 | 1.566 | 8.390 | 8.690 | 1.655 | 8.563 | Sunny | 15 | 8.467 | 1.407 | 7.240 | 8.690 | 1.655 | 8.563 | Sunny | 5 | 8.360 | 1.256 | 7.059 | 8.690 | 1.655 | 8.563 | Cloudy | | 7.615 | 0.452 | 0.469 | 8.690 | 1.655 | 8.563 |
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Table 3. Retrieved BRDF parameters based on simulated BRF
Weather condition | Classical method | Proposed method |
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k0 | k1 | k2 | | k0 | k1 | k2 |
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Cloudy | 7.547 | 0.711 | 5.524 | 8.379 | 1.270 | 17.911 | Sunny | 8.347 | 1.354 | 19.984 | 8.833 | 1.487 | 20.422 |
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Table 4. Retrieved BRDF parameters based on measured BRF
Weather condition | Classical method | Proposed method |
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Cloudy | 25.70 | 9.71 | Sunny | 9.53 | 6.21 |
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Table 5. Comparison of the retrieval precision between the classical and proposed methods under different weather conditions%